Psychology - CORE STUDIES - INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES

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FREUD - aim
record a case of oedipus complex
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FREUD - pp and design
5 yo austrian boy, clinical case study,
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FREUD - procedure and results
father conducted discussions and took notes; horses represented hans' father,
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FREUD - conclusions
hans suffered castration anxiety and oedipus complex, resolved by fantasising himself taking on fathers role - plumber fantasy
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FREUD - generalisability, data, ethics, validity
one off case study is hard to generalise, rich qualitative data allows for alternative explanations, parental consent but real name widely known in a sensitive topic, low validity due to father fan of freuds work so subjective/hans may exaggerated
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FREUD - reliability, ethnocentrism, applications
not reliable - worked alone and can't replicate, one boy from middle class austrian society where parental interactions may vary, made psychotherapy - talking therapy still widely used today
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BARON COHEN - aim
test if autistic struggle identifying emotions
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BARON COHEN - pps and design and sample
16 autistic, 50 normal, 10 tourettes, androcentric; independant measures, quasi, self selected
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BARON COHEN - procedure and results
shown 25b&w photos, choose emotion, control tasks were identify gender and emotion of whole face; autistic do worse, tourettes do similar to normal, autistic also struggle with validation task of Happes strange stories
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BARON COHEN - conclusion
autistic have theory of mind deficit, which may cause symptoms
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BARON COHEN - setting/validity, data, ethics, reliability
controlled setting but low ecological validity, quantitative allows easy comparison but pps can't explain what was hard, ethical, high reliability as standardised and replicable
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BARON COHEN - generalisability, problem, applications
hard to generalise - small sample and androcentric, emotions are fake (actors) and you wouldn't see emotions this way in real life, can test for theory of mind and help autistic manage condition
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FREUD VS BARON COHEN - data and design
qualitative case study VS quantitative controlled quasi
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FREUD VS BARON COHEN - sample
both unrepresentative - single male middle class subjective VS small androcentric volunteers
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FREUD VS BARON COHEN - validity and replicability
freud can't be replicated but has ecological validity VS cohen can be replicated but has low ecological validity
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FREUD VS BARON COHEN - ethics
parental consent but name widely known VS ethical
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FREUD VS BARON COHEN - applications
both useful for training therapists in practical ways
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FREUD VS BARON COHEN - debates
reductionist - horse fear caused by oedipus not that he saw one die VS determinist - bad score on eyes task determined by autism
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FREUD - pp and design

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5 yo austrian boy, clinical case study,

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FREUD - procedure and results

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FREUD - conclusions

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FREUD - generalisability, data, ethics, validity

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