Psychology core studies; approaches and perspectives
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- Created on: 11-02-14 08:46
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- Psychology core studies; approaches and perspectives
- Social
- Milgram
- Test of Obedience when in demand from authorty figure
- Piliavin et al
- Social influence on decision making-Diffusion of responsibility
- Reicher and Haslan
- Social identity influences behaviour- Prison study from Zibardo
- Studying individuals within a group and social context
- Strengths- behaviour determined by situations; use range of methods; collect quan/qual data
- Weaknesses- lab based so lack EV; Field based, difficult to control extraneous Vs, so cause and effect cant be drawn; Reductionist
- Milgram
- Cognitive
- Savage Rumbaugh
- Pigmychimps against normal chimp-symbol to spoken Eng, symbol to speech synthesiser
- Baron-Cohen
- Autism and AS, Tested with Tourettes
- Loftus and Palmer
- Effect of leading questions on memoryof event
- Studies mental process; memory perceotion, thinking an dlanguage
- Strengths: all use lab exp. Helps understand cog' processes and how they shape behaviour
- Weaknesses: mental process difficult to test; reductionist
- Savage Rumbaugh
- Developmental
- Freud
- Case study of Little Hans and his phobia of horses
- Bandura et al
- Transmission of aggression
- Samuel and Bryant
- Conservation of mass, volume and
- Strengths: development of humans, useful for education purposes; helps explain and aparently abnormal behaviour in children
- Weakness: Reductionist, assumes all chiildren are the same, ignores individual differnces; ethics (deception, potential harm)
- Freud
- Physiological
- Sperry
- Hemisphere deconnection; left=language right=creativity
- Maguire
- 16mTDs passed the knowledge and at least 18month exp,
- Dement and Kleitman
- Relation of eye movement to sleep
- 7m/2f; 5studied intensively
- Relationship between biological makeup and human behaviour; brain NS and hormones
- Strengths: use of sophisticated equipment; Practical application to develop treatments and therapies
- Weaknesses: lack validity; reductionist; small samples
- Sperry
- Psychodynamic
- Freud
- Thigpen and Cleckley
- Influenced by drives and conflicts in unconscious mind
- Strengths: suggests cause+treatments for mental disorders; case studies=qual data
- Weaknesses: small restricted samples; based on concepts difficult to test and interpret, may be subjective
- Behaviourist
- Bandura et al
- Milgram
- effect of environment on behaviour- nurture
- Strengths: usefuls, understand effect of environment on bevaiour; lab=reliable
- Weaknesses: lack EV; use of animals; reductionist (ignores unconscious mind
- Savage Rumbaugh
- Individual Differences
- Rosenhan
- Sane in insane places
- 12 hospitals, 8 pseudopatients
- 'schizophrenia in remission'
- 12 hospitals, 8 pseudopatients
- Sane in insane places
- Thigpen and Cleckley
- Multiple personality disorder
- EEG- measures eletrical activity of brain and frequency of brain waves
- Griffiths
- Gambling
- 60ps 29m/1f RG; 15m/15f NRG
- Cog' behavioural therapy could be useful with addicted gamblers
- Gambling
- Understands complexity of human behaviour and so studies difference between people
- Personality is a hypothetical contruct; can never be observed; can only infer personality forms behaviour
- Strengths: treatment of mental health problems; dev'and use of psychometric tests to measure personality and intelligence
- Rosenhan
- Social
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