A figure of speech referring to a place, person, or event. This can be real or imaginary and may refer to anything, including fiction, folklore, historical events, or religious manuscripts. The reference can be direct or may be inferred, but does dep
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Assonance
When two or more words close to one another repeat the same vowel sound but start with different consonant sounds. Examples: ‘I feel depressed and restless’; ‘Go and mow the lawn’. They often are used to create internal rhyme, adding a musical feel t
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Ballad
A poem or song narrating a story in short stanzas. Traditional ballads are typically of unknown authorship, having been passed on orally from one generation to the next.
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Caesura
A pause normally near the middle of a line.
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Couplet
A pair of successive lines of verse, typically rhyming and of the same length.
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Dramatic monologue
A poem in the form of a speech or narrative by an imagined person, in which the speaker inadvertently reveals aspects of their character while describing a particular situation or series of events.
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Elegy
A poem of serious reflection, typically a lament for the dead.
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Enjambment
The continuation of a sentence without a pause beyond the end of a line, couplet, or stanza.
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Free verse
Poetry that does not rhyme or have a regular rhythm
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Iambic pentameter
A line of verse with five metrical feet, each consisting of one unstressed syllable followed by one stressed syllable. Example: Two households, both alike in dignity.
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Internal rhyme
Rhyming a word in the middle of a line with a word at the end of that line – or in the middle of the next line.
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Meter
A unit of rhythm in poetry, the pattern of the beats. It is also called a foot
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Octet
A verse form consisting of eight lines of iambic pentameter. The most common rhyme scheme for an octave is abba abba. The first eight lines of a sonnet
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Ode
A lyric poem, typically one in the form of an address to a particular subject, written in varied or irregular metre.
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Onomatopoeia
The formation of a word from a sound associated with what is named (e.g. cuckoo, sizzle)
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Oxymoron
A figure of speech in which apparently contradictory terms appear in conjunction. Example: faith unfaithful kept him falsely true
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Persona
A character taken on by a poet to speak in a first-person poem. (From the Latin for mask)
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Protagonist
The leading character or one of the major characters in a play, film, novel,
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Quatrain
A verse with four lines, having an independent and separate theme. (They may different pictures used to illustrate the same overall idea of the poem.)
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Rhyme
Correspondence of sound between words or the endings of words, especially when these are used at the ends of lines of poetry.
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Rhyme scheme
The pattern of rhymes at the end of each line of a poem or song. It is usually referred to by using letters to indicate which lines rhyme; lines designated with the same letter all rhyme with each other.
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Rhythm
The measured flow of words and phrases in verse or prose as determined by the relation of stressed and unstressed syllables.
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Sestet
The last six lines of a sonnet in iambic pentameter
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Sonnet
A fourteen-line poem in iambic pentameter, using one of several rhyme schemes and adhering to a tightly structured thematic organisation.
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Stanza or verse
A grouped set of lines within a poem, usually set off from other stanzas by a blank line or indentation. (Functions like a paragraph in prose – but you must NEVER use this term to replace stanza!)
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Syllable
A unit of pronunciation having one vowel sound, with or without surrounding consonants, forming the whole or a part of a word; for example, there are two syllables in water and three in inferno.
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Volta
In a sonnet, the turn of thought or argument: in Petrarchan sonnets it occurs between the octave and the sestet, and in Shakespearean sonnets before the final couplet.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
When two or more words close to one another repeat the same vowel sound but start with different consonant sounds. Examples: ‘I feel depressed and restless’; ‘Go and mow the lawn’. They often are used to create internal rhyme, adding a musical feel t
Back
Assonance
Card 3
Front
A poem or song narrating a story in short stanzas. Traditional ballads are typically of unknown authorship, having been passed on orally from one generation to the next.
Back
Card 4
Front
A pause normally near the middle of a line.
Back
Card 5
Front
A pair of successive lines of verse, typically rhyming and of the same length.
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