Philosophy

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What evil isn't caused by humans?
Natural evil: events resulting from the natural functioning of the world, involves no help from humanity, but effects humanity or other living beings
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What evil is caused by humans?
Moral evil: Events occurring due to human action that causes suffering, deliberate or neglectful actions by humans.
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Problem of Evil
(Epicurus)
(epicurean paradox):
-there is a logical impossibility of the co-existence of evil and the God of classical theism.
-''if he wants to, but can't he is impotent''
-''if he can but doesn't want to he is malevolent''
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Problem of Evil
(J.L Mackie)
(inconsistent triad):
-at any time only two of these propositions can be held to be true.
- The three propositions can't be true at once.
-Loving+ Evil= impotent
-Powerful+ Evil= malevolent
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Problem of Evil
(William Rowe)
(evidential problem of evil):
-A loving and powerful god would want to and abolish evil.
-Since God does not do anything to prevent this intense suffering. He cannot exist.
-'a fawns suffering does not benefit any being''
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Problem of Evil
(Gregory S. Paul)
(premature deaths):
-300 million children may never reached birth
-''the holocaust of children''
-impossible to construct a rational account of God's nature when their is a magnitude of innocent deaths.
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Problem of Evil
(Augustine)
-Evil is the responsibility of humans, who are sinful.
- Evil is a privation: Lack of good.
-God could not have created absence only good.
-Evil is the absence of his creation.
-Original sin: Adam and Eve.
-Bringing good out of evil is called: Felix culpa
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Problem of Evil
(Augustine again)
-God sacrificed his own son as a punishment for our sins (atonement).
-it is up to the individual to chose God and salvation: ''soul deciding''.
-Moral evil: consequence of free will, bought by humanity.
-Natural Evil: Adam destroyed created order.
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Challenges to Augustine's problem of evil
- He assumes Genesis is revealed truth, which it may not be.
-biologically unlikely that all of humanity came from a single pair of humans.
-Sin is not genetically inherited or through sex, therefore we couldn't have sin from Adam.
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More challenges to Augustine's problem of evil
-If God foresaw the fall, it was immoral to allow our descent into evil.
-For Adam to be free to disobey God, there must have been sin.
-A perfect human would be able to sin, but wouldn't do so. They weren't perfect and God is to blame.
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Problem of Evil
(Irenaeus)
-Purpose of world= making souls.
-suffering allows us to develop into perfection
-God is a craftsman
-Puts the responsibility into God's hands but says its actually to help us develop.
-''let us make mankind in our image, in our likeliness.(genesis 1:26)
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Problem of Evil
(John Hick)
-The police officer analogy: if a police officer in your car, you wouldn't break the law.
-God stays at epistemic distance.
-If there was no evil we wouldn't spiritually grow.
-Salvation lies in our choice on earth.
-We can all achieve salvation.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What evil is caused by humans?

Back

Moral evil: Events occurring due to human action that causes suffering, deliberate or neglectful actions by humans.

Card 3

Front

Problem of Evil
(Epicurus)

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Problem of Evil
(J.L Mackie)

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Problem of Evil
(William Rowe)

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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