They are irregular lumps of rock (mostly in near-circular orbit between Mars and Jupiter)
2 of 22
What is a comet?
They are small objects made of rock and ice (with very elongated orbits of the sun)
3 of 22
What are Dwarf planets?
They are small spherical lumps of rock in orbit around the sun. (E.G Pluto)
4 of 22
Name the planets in ascending order of proximity from the sun (closest ---furthest from the sun)?
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune
5 of 22
What is the name of our galaxy?
The Milky Way
6 of 22
What are distances to objects outside the solar system measured in?
Light-years
7 of 22
What is a light-year?
A light-year is the distance to which light travels in a year.
8 of 22
How far does light travel per second?
300,000 km/s
9 of 22
What is nuclear fusion?
Hydrogen nuclei are jammed together so hard that they combine in pairs to form the element helium. This process releases loads of energy.
10 of 22
What is redshift?
The increase of wavelength from a galaxy moving away. The wavelengths shift towards the red end of the spectrum.
11 of 22
When was the Universe created?
About 14000 million years ago
12 of 22
When was the Sun created?
5000 million years ago
13 of 22
When was the earth created?
4500 million years ago
14 of 22
Where does all the information we know about distant stars and galaxies come from?
They come from radiation to which the astronomers can detect
15 of 22
Describe how relative brightness is used to find the distance to stars
2 stars have the same real brightness.The further away star has a smaller relative brightness.If you know the distance to 1 of the stars,the difference in their relative brightness is used to calculate the distance to the other one.
16 of 22
What are the uncertainties (disadvantages)of using relative brightness to work out distance?
-It is based on the assumption that similar types of stars have the same real brightness. - it is based on estimating the distance to one star. - dust,clouds.rain and light pollution can make it difficult to make precise observations of stars.
17 of 22
Name an advantage of using telescopes in space?
They take measurement without distortion from the Earth's atmosphere.
18 of 22
Define the parallax effect.
The Earth's orbiting of the Sun causes near stars to shift their position against fixed background of distant stars. t can be used to measure distance of a star.
19 of 22
Limitation of Parallax effect
It only works on nearby stars
20 of 22
How do heavy stars end their lives?
They end their lives as a Supernova.This is a massive explosion where all different chemicals elements, including those heavier than iron are made.
21 of 22
What evidence do we have that supports the big bang?
-The detection of cosmic background radiation -redshift
22 of 22
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is an asteroid?
Back
They are irregular lumps of rock (mostly in near-circular orbit between Mars and Jupiter)
Card 3
Front
What is a comet?
Back
Card 4
Front
What are Dwarf planets?
Back
Card 5
Front
Name the planets in ascending order of proximity from the sun (closest ---furthest from the sun)?
Comments
No comments have yet been made