Organics III 0.0 / 5 ? Chemistryorganics IIIIGCSEEdexcel Created by: Dev11bCreated on: 20-02-23 20:29 Alcohols Hydroxyl Group Same Homologous Series Same functional group C-OH Same general formula CnH2n+1 OH NOT HYDROCARBONS (contain oxygen) 1 of 25 Uses of Alcohols Antiseptics Perfume Fuel Solvents Alcohol 2 of 25 Methanol CH3OH 3 of 25 Ethanol CH3CH2OH 4 of 25 Propanol CH3CH2CH2OH 5 of 25 Butanol CH3CH2CH2CH2OH 6 of 25 Pentanol CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2OH 7 of 25 Practical Considerations Heat Energy lost ---> Use draft insulators HeatingOX the glass not the water Some water may evaporate 8 of 25 Oxidising Agent Potassium Dichromate 9 of 25 O2 in the air E.G Ethanol reacts with Oxygen forms Ethanoic Acid Same with all other Alcohols 10 of 25 Fermentation Yeast+Sugar--->Aqeous Ethanol+ CO2 37 degrees celcius Slightly Acidic Solution Absence of O2 11 of 25 Hydration of Ethene Ethene+ Steam---> Ethanol NEEDS ACID CATALYST (SULPHURIC OR PHOSPHORIC) 300 degrees celcius 60-70 atmos pressure C2H4(g)+H2O(g)---> C2H5OH (g) 12 of 25 Advantages of Hydration of Ethene Pure product 95% yield Fast Continuos Process 13 of 25 Disadvantages of Hydration of Ethene Non-Renewable Expensive (lots of energy usage) 14 of 25 Fermentation Adv Sugars-Renewable Resource Cheap Equipment Carbon Neutral 15 of 25 Fermentation Disadv Very Slow Very Impure High labour costs 16 of 25 Carboxylic Acid PARTIALLY IONISE IN WATER- WEAK ACIDS Carboxyl Group (-COOH) General Formula CnH2n+1 COOH 17 of 25 Methanoic Acid HCOOH 18 of 25 Ethanoic Acid CH3COOH 19 of 25 Propanoic Acid CH3CH2COOH 20 of 25 Butanoic Acid CH3CH2CH2COOH 21 of 25 Carboxylic Acids+ Carbonates A salt Water Carbon Dioxide 22 of 25 Carboxylic Acid+ Alcohol Ester H2O 23 of 25 Carboxylic Acid+ Metal Hydrogen A salt 24 of 25 Esters Functional Group COO Alcohol OL---> YL Carboxylic Acid OIC---> OATE Ethanol+ Propanoic Acid---> Ethyl Propanoate Volatile- Easily evaporates 25 of 25
Comments
No comments have yet been made