Controls gene expression. Mediates replication of DNA during cell cycle. Found in eukaryotic cells. Contains majority of cell's genetic material
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Structure and Function of Nucleolus
Made of proteins and ribonucleic acids. Main function to rewrite ribosomal DNA and mix with proteins
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Structure and Function of Nuclear Envelope
Surround nucleus with double membrane with multiple pores. Pore regulate passage of macromolecules like proteins and RNA. Permit free passage of water, ions, ATP and other small molecules
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Structure and Function of Chromatin
Efficiently package DNA into small volume to fit into nucleus and protect DNA structure and sequence. Packing DNA into chromatin allows mitosis /meiosis. Prevents chromosome breakage and controls gene expression and DNA replication
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Structure and Function of Ribosomes
Makes proteins. Protein needed for many cell functions like repairing damage or directing chemical processes. Found within cytoplasm or attached endoplasmic reticulum
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Structure and Function of Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Rough because it has ribosomes attached to surface. Double membrane of smooth and rough ER form sacs called cisternae. Protein molecules are synthesised and collected in cisternal lumen
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Structure and Function of Mitochondria
Rod shaped. Found in animal and plant cells. Double membrane bound organelle. Has outer and inner membrane. Made of phospholipids and proteins. Produces energy. Helps maintain proper concentration of calcium ions. Help build parts of blood/hormones
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Structure and Function of Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Regulates and releases calcium ions and processes toxins. Makes cellular products like hormones and lipids
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Structure and Function of Golgi Body
Present in most eukaryotic cells. Made of membrane-bound sacs. Job is to process and bundle macromolecules like proteins and lipids as they're synthesised within cells
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Structure and Function of Lysosomes
Contains digestive enzymes. Digests excess or worn out organelles, food particles and engulfed viruses/bacteria
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Structure and Function of Cytoskeleton
Provides support in cell. Network of protein fibres supporting cell shape and keeping organelles inside cell. Three main structural components are: microtubules, microfilaments and intermediate filaments
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Structure and Function of Centriole
Small set of microtubules arranged in specific way. Nine groups of microtubules. When two centrioles are found beside each other, usually right angles. Found in pairs and move towards pols of nucleus when time for cell division
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Structure and Function of Cell Membrane
Selectively permeable to ions and organic molecules. Controls movement of substances in and out of cells. Protects cells from surrounding. Consists of lipid bilayer with embedded proteins
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Structure and Function of Chloroplast
Stacks of thylakoids called grana. Dense fluid is called stroma. Thylakoids contain chlorophyll so plants can photosynthesise. Thylakoid space is the space chlorophyll fills
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Structure and Function of Vacuoles
Membrane-bound sacs within cytoplasm of cell. Vacuole can be very large in mature plants. Important in providing structure support as well as serving storage, waste disposal, protection and growth
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Structure and Function of Cell Wall
Composed of cellulose. Cellulose is structural carb and considered a complex sugar. Has three layers: middle lamella, primary cell wall and secondary cell wall
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Structure and Function of Nucleolus
Back
Made of proteins and ribonucleic acids. Main function to rewrite ribosomal DNA and mix with proteins
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