Describe the process of selective breeding: specifically a cow
1.) choose a jersey cow that produces the creamiest milk 2.) choose a Fresian cow with the highest milk yield 3.) cross breed these cows 4.) select the best offspring 5.) repeat the selection process for a number of generations
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What is the scientific term for the transferring of genes?
genetic engineering or genetic modification
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What is one positive use of genetic enegineering?
treat people with genetic disorders like cystic fibrosis
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A bacterium called E.coli has be genetically engineered to make what ?
make large quantities of human insulin for diabetics
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What is gene therapy?
a medical procedure where a virus is used to 'carry' a gene into the nucleus of a cell (this is a new treatment for genetic diseases)
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What can a selective breeding programme lead to and why is this bad?
inbreeding causes a reduction in the gene pool (the different alleles available in a species)- with a smaller gene pool there is less variation e.g.cows could lose allelesof genes that could help them survive a new disease.
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Give an example and disadvantage of genetic engineering.
we can develop crops quickly that are resistant to herbicides, frost and disease. Some people are concerned about how our bodies will react after eating GM foods for several years
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How have scientists taken Vitamin A and genetically modified it to have a better use?
taken the gene to make beta-carotene from carrots and have put it into rice plants. Humans eating the rice can then convert the beta-carotene into vitamin A.
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What are the 4 basic steps for modifying DNA by genetic engineering?
1.) select the desired characteristic 2.) identify and isolate the gene 3.)insert the gene into the chromosome of a different organism 4.) replicate the gene in the organism and produce the protein
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What are the two types of gene therapy?
changing genes of body cells OR changing genes of gametes before fertilisation takes place.
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what is used to cut a gene out of an original chromosome during genetic engineering?
enzyme
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is the scientific term for the transferring of genes?
Back
genetic engineering or genetic modification
Card 3
Front
What is one positive use of genetic enegineering?
Back
Card 4
Front
A bacterium called E.coli has be genetically engineered to make what ?
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