Something that the body can detect and respond to, e.g. Light
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Receptor
A cell or organ that detects a stimulus, e.g. the eyes
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Effector
Something that produces the response to a stimulus, e.g. a muscle that move your arm
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Nerve cell
A cell that can transmit electrical impulses along itself.
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Axon
A long thin part of a nerve cell that enables the cell to carry messages over longer distances
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Dendrite
Part of a nerve cell, a collection of arm-like structures that can pick up messages from adjacent nerve cells
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Synapse
A gap between nerve cells. Messages can cross synapses in the form of chemical messengers that diffuse across the gap
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Electrical Impulses
The way a nerve cell can send messages. It involves the movement of charges across the cell membrane and can happen very quickly
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Central Nervous System
A dense collection of nerve cells, it consists of the brain and spinal cord and is responsible for decision making
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Brain
An organ in the nervous system, protected by the skull. A collection of nerve cells that make decisions and controls the way your body reponds to both internal and external stimuli. The most complex thing in the known universe
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Spine
A collection of bones found in the back. Also called the backbones or the vertebra. These bones protect the spinal cord
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Spinal Cord
A collection of nerves that travel down the spine. Carries messages between the brain and the rest of the body
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Relfex Arc
A collection of a few neurones that can detect a stimulus and respond to it before the CNS is involved. Allows a quick response to prevent harm to the body, e.g. Pulling your hand away from a hot object
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Eye
The sense organ for detecting light
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Retina
A layer of light sensitive cells at the back of an eye. These can convert light into electrical messages that your brain interprets as pictures
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Focus
A point where a lens bends light rays to meet. In the human eye the lens can change shape so that light rays from a variety of distances are brought into focus at the retina
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Lens
Part of the eye, responsible for bending light so that details can be seen clearly
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Suspensory Ligaments
Ligaments that connect the lens to the ciliary muscles. When the lens in fat (focusing on a near object) the ligaments will be slack
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Ciliary Muscles
A ring of muscle that surrounds and controls the lens thickness. When this muscle contracts the size of the ring shrinks, this enables the lens to sag into a wider lens
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Iris
A layer of tissue in front of the lens. It controls the size of the pupil.
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Pupil
A hole in the iris that allows light to enter the rest of the eye. A larger pupil lets in more light so enables you to see more in lower light levels, however bright lights can damage the retina, so the pupil shrinks in bright light
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Receptor
Back
A cell or organ that detects a stimulus, e.g. the eyes
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