Biology Chapter 6

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  • Biology Chapter 6 - Part 1
    • Receptors
      • The nervous system has receptors to detect stimuli
        • Receptors found in ears, eye, nose, tongue and skin
        • Stimuli include temperature, light, touch, pain, sound and chemicals
      • 1) Light stimulates receptors in the eye
        • 2) Electrical impulses pass to brain along neurones (nerve cells)
    • Central nervous system
      • Brain and spinal cord form CNS
      • Nerves contain sensory neurones
        • Carry impulses from receptors to CNS
      • Nerves contain motor neurones carry impulses from CNS to effectors organs
        • Muscles react by contracting or glands secrete chemicals
    • Reflex actions
      • Reflex arc
        • 1) Receptor detects stimuli
        • 2) Sensory neurone transmits impulse to CNS
        • 3) Relay neurone passes impulse onto motor neurone
        • 4) Impulse passes to an effector and action is taken
      • Synapse - junction between neurones
    • The brain
      • Made of billions of interconnected neurones
      • Receives pulses from sensory neurones
      • Controls complex behaviour, thoughts and feeling
      • Has different regions that carry out different functions
      • MRI can monitor brain activity
    • Regions of the brain
      • Cerebral cortex-consciousness memory language
      • Cerebellum - coordination of muscular activity
      • Medulla - heartbeat, breathing
      • Pituitary gland - produces hormones

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