Nazi Racial policy 33-39

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Name the Sterilisation Law's full name and the date it was made
Law for the prevention of Hereditary diseased progeny and July 1933
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Under the law, who was eligible for compulsory sterilization?
men and women with hereditary diseases including 'feeble-mindedness', chronic alcoholism, hereditary physical disabilities - moral insanity used as an excuse to sterilise asocials
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Who had abortions?
women with hereditary diseases
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What percentage of those sterilized were 'feeble-minded'?
60%
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The Law for the prevention of Hereditary diseased progeny (sterilization law) was extended to all?
sterilization on girls over 10 and later forced operation of girls 14 or older
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What was The marital Health Law?
Banned unions between 'hereditary healthy' and persons deemed genetically unfit
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What happened in 1936 in terms of sterilization?
Sterilization by X-ray for all women over 38 as there is a higher risk of having children with disabilities
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How long did the average case take in the Hereditary Health Courts?
10 mins and non appeals
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Between 1933-45 how many people were sterilised?
400,000
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When was Euthanasia for the mentally ill and physically disabled authorised?
October 1939
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Where did Nazi euthanasia originate to?
Did not originate from Hitler but Dr Bouhler and Brandt after a father of a severely disabled boy asked Hitler for him to be put to sleep. Hitler approved and formally announced that he would personally protect Doctors who carried out 'mercy killings'.
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How did Dr Bouhler and Brandt deal with similar cases?
They instructed hospitals and Asylums to inform authorities of children with mental illness and physical 'deformities'.
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What happened based on these reports and what did the parents get told?
they were sent to special hospitals to be starved to death and given lethal injections. Parents were informed children died despite being given the best medical care
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How many children were killed because they were deemed incurable and a burden to Volksegeinscaft?
5000
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What's the programme that began in October 1939 that was extended the programme for adults and was Based in Berlin?
The Aktion T4 programme
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What was the decision of euthanasia based on?
Purely just a form
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Why did some doctors and nurses take part?
to further their careers
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What was happening in 1940 despite Aktion T4 meaning to be a secret?
Rumours were spreading
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Provide an example of rumours spreading?
Complaint from Reich Justice ministry against Bouhler for murder
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What began in July 1940?
Churches protested with a protestant minister who wrote a report against T4 programme (and was thus arrested by the Gestapo)
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When did Von Galen did an emotional sermon attacking euthanisa backed by evidence?
3rd August 1940
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As a result of Von Galen what happened?
thousands of copies of the speech spread across Germany sparking mass protests
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When did the pope pronounce that the direct killing of people with mental and physical disabilities was against the 'natural and positive law of God'
December 1940
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When did Hitler call an end to the T4 programme because of public backlash?
1941
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Why was the scheme a benefit for the Nazi's?
Not an end just a tactical pause it helped produce techniques for the final solution
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How many people were killed by 1941?
70,000
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The scheme secretly continued until 1945, how many murders took place in total?
300,000
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Asoicals
criminals, work shy, homeless, alcholcis, prostitutes, homosexuals, juvenile delinquents)
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In September 1933 how many asocials were rounded up, and whom was rounded up the most?
300,000 to 500,000 many whom were young unemployed people
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What happened to the asocials rounded up in sept 1933?
Those orderly were considered fit and willing to work and had no previous convictions and were given permits to work. Those who were not were all disorderly and were sent to concentration camps.
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What did the Nazis do to asocials because of the Olympic games and why?
Round up of 'asocials' before the Olympic Games in Berlin to give a false sense of success in Nazi economic and social policies
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What was the 'social colony' called that re-educated socials so they could reintegrate into society?
Hashude
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What happened in 1938?
Bigger round-up of 'bigger tramps, pimps and gypsies' and most send to Buchenwald concentration camp
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LGBTQ
(part of asocials)
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What was the law on homosexuality before 1933?
Homosexuality was illegal but rarely enforced in cities like Berlin
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In 1933 what was the start of the attack on liberal views begin with?
Purge of organizations and literature
and shut down club and publications
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What did Nazi's attack in May 1933?
Nazi students attacked the institute of Sex Research (a gay organization) and burned its library
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What was the result of Nazi's attacking the institute of Sex Research?
They seized names of the institute and gave it to the Gestapo who launched a Sustained campaign their persecution - some killed NLK
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When was the sustained campaign of persecution extended and what did it extend to?
1935 and it now widened the definition of homosexuality and imposed harsher penalties
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How many men were arrested and imprisoned 1936-1938?
over 22,000
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What did Himmler create in 1936?
Reich office for the combatting of homosexuality and abortion
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How many gay men were arrested overall?
100,000
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How many gay men were sent to concentration camps?
50,000
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What happened to the gay men in concentration camps?
Forced to wear pink triangles in the camp so guards could mark them out and deliver harsh punishments - many were forcibly castrated
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What percentage of gay prisoners died in the camps?
60%
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Why couldn't gay men leave the camps when their sentences ran out?
put under preventive custody
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Roma and Stinti
Many arrived from north India in 15th C.
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How many lived in Germany 1933?
30,000
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In 1933, what did nazis do?
Nazi's made the discrimination they faced more systematic and brutal.
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What happened in 1935?
Nuremberg laws applied to Gypsies
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What did the ** set up in 1936?
the Reich Central Officer for the fight against the Gypsy Nuisance
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Nazi's believed Belived Roma and Stinti posed a threat to Aryan racial purity, so what was the result of the Reich Central Officer for the fight against the Gypsy Nuisance
This located people with Roma or Sinti descent on a names database with the help of 'scientific advisers' - those who were part gypsy were called mischlinge
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When and who issued the Decree for the Struggle Against the Gypsy Plague?
December 1938 and issued by Himmler
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What happened in September 1929 to Roma and Sinti people?
began to be deported from Germany to Poland
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Religious sects
Jehovah's Witnesses, Mormons, Seventh-Day Adventists)
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When were most religious groups banned?
Nov 1933
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What was the only religious group to show uncompromised hostility to Nazi regime?
Jehovahs Witnesses
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How many members of JW was there in Germany?
30,000
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What were JW signs of opposition?
Refused to give Hitler oath, refused to attend parades or accept military conscription and resining the state they believed was a rest of faith
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By 1945 how many JW were arrested and killied?
10,000
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However what was Nazi's failure towards JW?
Nazis still failed to break their resistance and faith
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Give an example of a religious group conforming
Seventh-day Adventists
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Give some examples of how seventh day activities conformed with the reguime
display the swastika flag in its churches, say 'Heil Hitler' in services and remove the 'jewish language' of the Old Testament, exclude 'asocials' and jews from receiving food and shelter from it's charity organisation
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Under the law, who was eligible for compulsory sterilization?

Back

men and women with hereditary diseases including 'feeble-mindedness', chronic alcoholism, hereditary physical disabilities - moral insanity used as an excuse to sterilise asocials

Card 3

Front

Who had abortions?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What percentage of those sterilized were 'feeble-minded'?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

The Law for the prevention of Hereditary diseased progeny (sterilization law) was extended to all?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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