Natural Law 0.0 / 5 ? Religious StudiesEthicsNatural LawASOCR Created by: theblazingoptimistCreated on: 03-01-16 11:57 What is Natural Law? Theory that an eternal, absolute moral law can be discovered by reason. 1 of 28 Who did the idea of Natural Law originate from? The Stoics 2 of 28 What did the Stoics believe about God in relation to humans? God is in everywhere/everyone - humans have divine spark which helps them discover how to live acc. to will of God 3 of 28 When did Aristotle believe that supreme good is found? When purpose is fulfilled 4 of 28 What idea about Natural Law did Aquinas take from Aristotle and the Stoics? Human beings have necessary rational nature given by God – helps us to live and flourish 5 of 28 What idea about Natural Law did Aquinas take from Aristotle? Even w/o knowledge of God, reason can discover laws which can lead to human flourishing 6 of 28 What are Aristotle's four causes? MEFF (material, efficient, formal, final) 7 of 28 What is a material cause? What something is made out of (e.g bricks and mortar for a house) 8 of 28 What is an efficient cause? Who/what made something 9 of 28 What is a formal cause? Features that make something what it is 10 of 28 What is a final cause? Something's purpose 11 of 28 What sentence helps to remember Aristotle's four causes? The building material was efficiently put together by the builder, making the form of a house that was finally useful. 12 of 28 What is eternal law? Principles God uses to control universe. We will never know fully. 13 of 28 What is divine law? The law of God, e.g Bible. Only visible to those who believe in God, and only if He chooses to reveal it. 14 of 28 What is natural law? Moral law of God. Built into human nature; can be seen by everyone. Involves using reason. 15 of 28 What is human law? Rules of diff. cultures. Linked to other Laws. 16 of 28 What did Thomas Aquinas believe about natural inclinations? God instilled inclination to behave in ways leading to highest good 17 of 28 What did Aquinas believe about how humans were designed? Humans designed for perfection - wouldn't knowingly pursue evil 18 of 28 What did Aquinas believe people were doing when they acted in ways that were morally wrong? Following apparent good (as opposed to real good) 19 of 28 What are primary precepts? Absolutist, fundamental principles of natural law. 20 of 28 What are the five primary precepts? Preservation of life, order in society, worshiping God, education, reproduction 21 of 28 What are secondary precepts? Rules/laws created by societies to enc. pursuit of primary precepts. 22 of 28 What is the doctrine of double effect? If doing something morally good has a morally bad side-effect it's ethically OK to do it providing the bad side-effect wasn't intended 23 of 28 What did Aristotle believe was the purpose of man? Eudemonia (human flourishing). Reachable in this life through living in ordered society + self-development 24 of 28 What did Thomas Aquinas believe was the purpose of man? To better develop form in image of God. Only reachable in afterlife. 25 of 28 Give one strength of natural law. Primary precepts common in all cultures - reasonable. 26 of 28 Give one weakness of natural law. G.E Moore argues that good cannot be defined - naturalistic fallacy 27 of 28 How would a follower of natural law respond to voluntary euthanasia? Prohibits it, as it rejects prservation of life and God's purpose for life ("be fruitful") 28 of 28
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