Nationalism

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  • Created by: AshyBoy
  • Created on: 12-03-19 19:05
IDEOLOGY
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What is a 'Nation'?
A group of people that share similar characteristics like language, culture, values traditions, history or religion.
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What is self determination?
The ability of a nation to govern oneself and be independent
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What is a 'Nation State'?
When a nation of people live in a geographical area defined by borders, thus making it a country. (Nation states are technically defined under just 'nation')
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What is Liberal Nationalism?
The goal of a world of independent, self-determinated nation states working peacefully with one another. Applies liberal ideas of individualism to states. Nationhood is inclusive and open.
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What is Conservative Nationalism?
Using nationalism based on history, religion and culture to create a cohesive soceity. Using past experiences, events and figures of the past to unify the country. Humans are drawn to their own people. Irrational, based on emotion.
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What role does 'exclusiveness' play in Conservative Nationalism?
You have to share the experiences of the nation to truly be a part of it. Integration of immigrants takes time (Unlike civic natio). Defence of cultural identity, tradition and customs so limitation of immigration is needed. Against multiculturalism.
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What is Chauvinistic Nationalism
The belief that only some nations benefit from having nation states and that everyone else should accept their place as colonies of the stronger nations.
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What is Imperialism?
The doctrine of growth for nations based on amassing multiple external colonies that combine to become a nations empire.
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What is Imperialism also known as?
Colonialism
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What is Expansionist Nationalism?
The theory that some nations are superior to others hence giving justification to imperialism and domination. Also leads, usually, to racialism
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What is Racialism?
Also known as 'racism'. The belief that races have inherent characteristics that make them superior or inferior to another race.
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What is Culturalism?
The view that people have an emotional connection with their country that draws them together.
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Culturalism is based on the theory that each culture has it's own __________
Volksgeist
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What is 'Volksgeist'?
A common folk spirit, the culmination of a cultures entire history and experiences.
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What is Civic Nationalism?
A form of nationalism based on a shared vision of an individuals duty to observe given laws and, in turn, receive legal privileges.
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Some people would say that while Culturalism is focussed on ________ ties Civic Nationalism is based on ___________
emotional - rationalism
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While Civic nationalists believe that citizenship is _______ Culturalists believe that true citizenship takes time to _______
instant - develop
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Can Culturalism coexist with the abandoning of the idea of a striving for statehood for a nation?
yes
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What defines Ethnicity?
A variety of attributes about an individual e.g. culture, ancestry, language, history, region and religion.
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What is Race?
Someones genetic makeup e.g. Eye colour, hair colour, skin colour etc.`
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What is internationalism?
The belief that the peoples of the world should unite and connect across national boundaries, looking beyond what is good for one state but what is good for the world.
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What is Liberal Internationalism?
The idea that all states should be self determining and free but linked culturally, economically and educationally with one another so as to be interdependent and therefore war would not be possible hence long lasting peace.
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What is a Liberal Internationalist's view on supranational organisations?
That they are necessary to maintain peace between nations and to further link them economically and politically e.g. League of Nations, EU, UN, NATO
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What is Socialist Internationalism?
Incompatible with nationalism, it is the belief that nations are the creation of the bourgeoisie and the ruling class in order to divide the proletariat. The goal of this ideology is to achieve a border less world with free movement and trade.
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What is Anti-Colonial Nationalism?
The indigenous population of a colony rejecting the supremacy and authority of it's colonisers paralleling a rise in their own sense of nationalism.
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What is Post-Colonial Nationalism?
The experiences of these nations once they have achieved their goal of independence.
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When and what was the "Scramble for Africa"?
In 1880 when European powers began to colonise Africa
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Between 1880 and 1914 what percentage of Africa was colonised?
80% (10% to 90%)
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In what ways is Post-Colonial Nationalism linked to socialism?
Related to Lenin's analysis of imperialism as a form of capitalism; former colonies wished to stray away from colonial roots like the European capitalist system; the use of Marxism to develop their countries national movements as a unifying force
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(Extended)
And because socialism resonated with their own traditions of a close knit community based on cooperation and sharing ownership.
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Post-Colonial Nationalism is also linked with _____ Nationalism
Black
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What is Black Nationalism?
A reaction to the white oppression of the 19th and 20th century. Black people should be proud of being black (Letting Afro's grow) and should return to their homeland to set up a nation in Africa. Only then would they gain the respect of other races
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What is Expansionist Nationalism?
Coincides with national chauvanism which is the belief that one's nation is superior to another's (Also fits in with racialism where membership of the country requires you to be of that race) (Lebensraum for Hitler
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What is Integral Nationalism?
An intense, hysterical form of patriotism that absorbs the individual into the nation
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What is 'Progressive'?
To improve society by moving forwards and striving for a better future
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What is 'Regressive'?
To try to return the nation back to when it was at it's former glory
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NATIONALIST THINKERS
blah blah blah
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Jean Jacques Rousseau
1712-1778
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What were his key ideas?
The collective will of the people - Legitimate government requires active citizen participation (Voting)
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What was his stance on the role of government?
That it should enforce the collective will of the people not direct it.
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Johann Gottfried Von Herder
1744-1803
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What were his key ideas?
Every nation has its own unique character - 'Volksgeist' (The special spirit of the nation)
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What was his significance on Culturalism?
He rejected rational beliefs of liberal forms of nationalism. Supportive of people cooperating but not to blur culture, each culture is unique and deserves to be understood.
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Giuseppe Mazzini
1805-1872
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What were his key ideas?
To be free people needed nations - Nationalism takes precedent over other causes
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What did he see nationhood as?
A partnership of free and equal humans bound together in unity towards a single aim
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What were his views on Spirituality?
Even though at time he is critical of the Catholic church he was deeply spiritual and believed that it was God that divided humanity into nations
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Charles Maurras
1868-1952
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What were his key ideas?
Nations come first not individuals - Military might and expansion
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Maurras' poltiical ideas were influenced by ________ nationalism
integral
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What was his view on Individualism?
He rejected it as it led to individuals thinking only of their own best interests rather than the nation and their place within it.
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What is Militarism?
The formation of a military ethos following a nations successful struggle for independence as a result of integral nationalism. Often leads to feelings of superiority to other nations and an expansionist foreign policy.
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Marcus Garvey
1887-1940
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What were his key ideas?
People should be proud of their blackness - Africans are one nation, wherever they are
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What was Garvey's ultimate dream for Africans?
The acceptance of black acceptance and unification of culture to put aside differences. Eventually all of this to lead to the formation of the United States of Africa. He wanted black people to return to Africa to build this nation.
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What was his influence on Pan-Africanism?
He sought to inspire a global movement among black people to end imperialist rule and create modern societies. He believed that for black people to be respected they needed to form an independent black economy in their own nation.
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What were his views on Separatism?
While he was a supporter of racial segregation he believed that all humans were equal and did not wish for hostility towards white people. The purpose of speratism, to him, was to empower black people and enable them to find their identity.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is a 'Nation'?

Back

A group of people that share similar characteristics like language, culture, values traditions, history or religion.

Card 3

Front

What is self determination?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is a 'Nation State'?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is Liberal Nationalism?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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