What powers do westminister use to control local government?
control the level of central gov grant, cap levels of local taxation, extend or limit the range and extent of local gov by statute, inspection of delivery of local gov services
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What is ultra vires and default?
ultra vires=acting beyond authority, default=central gov can takover local services, (1982=norwich councils unwillingness to sell its stocks led to threat of default proceedings)
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What did the £1.03 billion revenue funding recieved in Leicestershire in 2010 compromise of?
34% central government dedicated schools grant, 33% other income, 23% council tax, 9% buisness rates, 1% revenue support grant
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How has taxation changed?
rates=a property based tax based upon the size and standard of property, poll tax 1990=everyone paid the same, council tax1 1993=property based tax with concessions for those living alone and unable to pay
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What are the strengths of local Government?
encourages people to get involved with decisions that effect them the most, represent people more efficently than westminister, knows what the local area needs
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What are the weaknesses of local government?
voter turnout and participation is low at local level, councillors dont have time or resource to represent people properly, central government can be more objective whilst local gov gets lost in small details
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What is scottish parliament and the 1997 referendum?
1979 scots voted in favour of devolved parliament at 51% at a 64% turnout so did not get the 40% it needed, 1997 a second referndum ran on the basis of majority, asked if scotland should have devolved powers and tax-varying powers,64% for "yes yes"
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How effective is scottish parliament?
they took primary legislative control over education,agriculture and home affairs, they got tax varying powers. in 1999-2005 gov wanted free nursing for the elderly,abolition of top up fees, SNP won a minority in 2007 and majority in 2011
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What is the west Lothian question?
Why should MP's representing Scottish, Welsh, and nothern ireland constituancies at westminster be permitted to debate and vote on measures that would no longer effect their own constituents? 2005=Scottish MPs reduced from 72 to 59
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what is the welsh assembly and the 1997 referendum?
1979 referendum=welsh rejected a parliament by 80% on a 58% turnout. 1997=welsh approved the creation of a welsh assembly by 50.3% of the vote on a 50.1% turnout
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How effective is the welsh assembly?
it had no primary legislative powers, recommends legislation to westminster and could implement westminster legislation in wales, they did not have income tax varying powers but this changed after a referendum in 2011
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What is the idea of a unitary state?
ultimate power in the UK is held by a central government at westminster, they give away devolved powers which can be taken away at any time-a federal state is opposite to this
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What are the origins of the European Union?
EEC emerged in the 50's as apart of a desire to prevent further wars and provide economic stability, European Coal and steel comunity created in 1952 by 6 states, 1992 the EU was created in the Maastricht treaty, Uk joined EEC in 1973
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What is the 1992 Maastricht treaty?
founded on 3 pillers (European community,justice and home affairs, foreign and security policy) European citizenship came about,offered some kind of european defence force,regulated working conditions and employee entitlements
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What is the 1997 treaty of amestadam and 2001 the treaty of nice?
Amsterdam=confirmed the incorparation of social chapter in to EU treaties, Nice=extension of co decision powers in to new areas,re arrange seats,european commision with one commissioner per state, reworking of the council of ministers system
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What was the 2004 Eu constitution and the 2007 Lisbon treaty?
EU=enlargement of EU,400 pages of codified constitution,enhanced role of national parliament,extended qmv,strengthed parliament role, LISBON=attempted to solve the 2 year deadlock on the constitution,dropped references to anthem and flag, 277 pages
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What is the council of ministers and the EU council?
EU's main decision making body,one member for each member state,minister involved depends on the nature of the issue being discussed,discussing key issues and sets EU agenda
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What is the European commission?
executive body of the EU, 1 apointee for each member state, initiates legislation and makes proposals, acts as a guardian to EU treaties and has the power to execute agreed policies,headed by a president appointed under QMV
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What is the European parliament?
only EU institution that is democratically elected by citizens in each member state, seats are allocated in indivdual states in broad proportion to the population,Parliament approves EU budget and confirms commissions appointments
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Where does power lie in the Union?
power lies with the commission and council but critics argue it should lie with the parliament as it is the only institution that is elected and posses a better mandate to produce legislation
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is ultra vires and default?
Back
ultra vires=acting beyond authority, default=central gov can takover local services, (1982=norwich councils unwillingness to sell its stocks led to threat of default proceedings)
Card 3
Front
What did the £1.03 billion revenue funding recieved in Leicestershire in 2010 compromise of?
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