Molecules, Blood & Gas Exchange (F221)

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S E S C Y C P V G L A J H V I M W O E Y I
Q O E H G O E J Y Y Q T V L D U B Y N E Y
F I C W J N R I C J U D P C R X M L I W Q
K E O H H D U K B G A G C T O Y O S A X B
I P N C N E T L T K T O Q M P V N U T H V
I R D C L N C W N R E P V P R H H E S L S
L V A E B S U S E Y R S E N I O V U L J J
Q A R R E A R V U L N E D B M N J K A U Q
G V Y Y X T T T T Q A T J U A R N A I N J
S W S T L I S H R J R Y W J R C X R T Y U
H B T H R O Y C O W Y C Q D Y A I Y N S A
K G R R Y N R B P C S O H S S W P O E Q S
M K U O G R A H H V T H Q G T A D T R R N
Q O C C F E I A I V R P Y C R O J I E O X
V C T Y P A T U L O U M R P U Q B C F U X
E L U T W C R B S A C Y C J C X X C F L I
A U R E C T E G Q D T L J G T U O E I M U
L X E S H I T Y F X U A B H U O M L D T B
D Q K Q O O R I I F R R I V R A K L Y W L
N H M F U N R D Q R E Y J Q E G N O I Y M
I M N N R J G D M O O T I C T A S M H I I

Clues

  • amino acid chain is coiled into alpha-helix or folded into beta-pleated sheets. shape held by H bonds between the O atoms and the H atoms around peptide bonds. (9, 9)
  • cell with a membrane-bound nucleus and membrane bound organelles. (10, 4)
  • e.g. Leishman's stain. Makes some structures appear darker or different in colour from other structures. In a normal blood sample the nuclei of the leucocytes will be stained purple, allowing leucocytes to be identified by the shape of the nucleus (12, 5)
  • functional protein is made up of more than one polypeptide chain. chains are held together by bonds between R groups. (10, 9)
  • large, dark-stained nucleus, surrounded by a thin layer of cytoplasm. 2 kinds: B and T lymphocytes. (11)
  • polypeptide is coiled and folded into a specific shape held by bonds between the R groups. 4 types of bonds: hydrogen, hydrophobic interactions, ionic & disulphide. (8, 9)
  • protein structure. the number and sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain. (7, 9)
  • reaction in which 2 molecules are joined together by removing a H atom from one molecule and an OH from the other. Key type of anabolic or 'building up' reaction. (12, 8)
  • red blood cells; biconcave discs; transport oxygen and carbon dioxide (12)
  • small granules in the cytoplasm; engulf microorganisms by phagocytosis (11)

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