Multi store Memory Model

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1. Linear
Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968) proposed the multi-store memory model in which memory is comprised of three separate stores, with information flowing through the stores in a linear system.
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2. Stores
The three stores are the sensory memory, the short term memory and the long term memory.
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3. Sensory memory
Sensory information from environmental stimuli is retained in the sensory memory, which has a large capacity and multiple stores called sensory registers. However, the duration of storage is milliseconds unless given focused attention
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4. Short term memory
Rehearsal maintains information in the STM, however it is still vulnerable to being forgotten due to its limited duration of up to 30 seconds (decay) or displacement by new incoming information due to the store's limited capacity of 7+/-2 items
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5. Long term memory
If rehearsed and processed deep enough through maintenance rehearsal, the information transfers to the unitary LTM store which has a potentially unlimited capacity and unlimited duration, dependent on the level of processing of the information.
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6. Encoding
While the LTM encoding is mainly semantic and based on meaning, the STM encoding is acoustic and based on sound (Baddeley).
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Evaluation point 1
Strength: There is supporting evidence from studies using PET and fMRI scans that have also demonstrated that there is a difference between STM and LTM.
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Evaluation point 2
Limitation: Although it could be argued that the multi-store memory model oversimplifies memory structures and processes.
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Evaluation point 3
Strength: Yet, the MSM is supported by research showing that STM and LTM are separate. (Baddeley 1966)
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Evaluation point 4
Limitation: The role of rehearsal in transferring material from STM to LTM is central in the multi-store model. However, there is evidence to suggest that long term memories can be formed without any apparent rehearsal.
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Evaluation point 5:
Strength: The case study of HM who had brain damage (Scoville and Milner 1957) has also shown that different areas of the brain are involved in short term memory and long term memory.
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Evaluation point 5:
Strength: The case study of HM who had brain damage (Scoville and Milner 1957) has also shown that different areas of the brain are involved in short term memory and long term memory.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

The three stores are the sensory memory, the short term memory and the long term memory.

Back

2. Stores

Card 3

Front

Sensory information from environmental stimuli is retained in the sensory memory, which has a large capacity and multiple stores called sensory registers. However, the duration of storage is milliseconds unless given focused attention

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Rehearsal maintains information in the STM, however it is still vulnerable to being forgotten due to its limited duration of up to 30 seconds (decay) or displacement by new incoming information due to the store's limited capacity of 7+/-2 items

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

If rehearsed and processed deep enough through maintenance rehearsal, the information transfers to the unitary LTM store which has a potentially unlimited capacity and unlimited duration, dependent on the level of processing of the information.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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