Media sociologists

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  • Created by: Natali305
  • Created on: 18-11-20 18:12
Bagdikian (2004)
Concentration
In 1983 50 corporations controlled the vast majority of the news in the USA, by 2014 this was down to 6 corporations including Disney and Fox News
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Curran (2003)
Newspaper
1937 four men including Beaverbrook were known as press barons and sold half of the newspapers in the UK, in 2015 little change had occurred seven individuals dominate the ownership and content such as News corp is owned and controlled by Murdoch who owns
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Doyle (2002)
If concentration occurs there is a danger for the abuses in power and the influence by the elite will go unnoticed and justice will suffer
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Pluralists
The mass media are seen as essential and impartial producers of the democratic ideal as most people get their information from the internet, television and the newspapers
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Whale (1977)
Suggests that media owners have global problems of trade and investment to occupy their minds and so do not have time to think about the day to day running
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BBC
Public service broadcaster set up in 1926 by the Royal Charter which states the BBC have a legal obligation to provide specific services , government have stressed the impartiality and catering for all areas of society so pluralists see them as being able
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Ofcom (2003)
Function
Their function is to monitor the quality of TV and radio output on both the BBC and commercial channels and to investigate any complaints
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Trowler (2004)
Observes that 500 journalists were embedded with British and American troops during the invasion in Iraq, it was one sided as the journalists had formed personal attachments with the soldiers
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Thornham (2007)
All too often that feminist perspectives are dismissed by journalists as being extreme or threatening
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Marxists
Capitalist class uses ideology to make sure that the working class accepts capitalism and that their stability is not threatened, capitalist class uses the cultural power to dominant institutions
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Miliband (1973)
Instrumental approach to ownership and control, mass media represent an ideological instrument which plays a role in the justification of class inequality, they transmit conservative ideology, role to convince the public that the ruling ideology is the tr
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Castles and Kosack (1973)
It suits the capitalist class for white working class to see ethnic minorities as a threat because it distracts them from the real inequality which is the capitalist system.
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Turnstall and Palmer (1991)
Gov are not interested in controlling the activities of the media as class interests and of media owners and the political elite overlap
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Curran
Evidence for Marxist instrumentalist, as from 1951 to 1974 there was a greater delegation by owners to editorial and journalistic authority. Era of investigating into the journalists abuses of power even though they said that the papers supported particul
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Gramsci (neo-Marxist)
Working class are likely to experience dual consciousness, they may agree with some aspects of ruling but they still have the opportunity to reject the ideology transmitted by owners of the media
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Curran
Criticisms of marxism
Evidence from the 1970’s on does not always support Marxists as today the owners are motivated by profit than ideology
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Glasgow university media group
Media content does support the interests of those who run the capitalist system but it is probably an accidental by product from the journalists
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Sutton trust
2006- 2012
50% of the top 100 journalists in the UK were educated in private schools, is this healthy for people interpreting the news to be from different educational backgrounds
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GUMG
Hegemonic Marxism theory
Journalists and broadcasters believe consensus ideas and values, anyone has any ideas outside of this is seen as extremist which means these people will not often be interviewed as they are often ridiculed
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GUMG
Economic pressure
Desire to rock the boat is motivated by profit than desire to transmit the ideology, most media companies do this by advertisement, if some people are put off the TV programme backseat they find it offensive then profits decline
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GUMG
Agenda setting
Media identify which issues they want to discuss about society and therefore produce a narrow view such as they are more likely to discuss Kim Kardashian than social deprivation faced by millions in the UK so we are not given the real issues in society so
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Jones (2015)
Media and the establishment
Owners and editors are part of the establishment which he believes is an alliance of unaccountable powerful groups, aim to protect their position by managing democracy to make sure that their interests are not threatened, journalists turn a blind eye to
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Henderson (2015)
Mass media have been quiet about the deal to promote more trade between the Chinese and England about the nuclear generating plants. They have been quiet as the Chinese have poor health and have a deeply corrupt economy. Nuclear deal is a trade off allowi
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Strinati (1995)
Postmodernism
Countries such as the UK have been transformed in the past 30 years from industrial societies to postmodern societies
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Trowler (2008)
Media saturated society ‘defining aspect’ , underpinned by globalisation as technologies remove the distinction to allow more consumer choice and there is no longer any faith in absolute truths ‘there are many meanings and not one deep profound meaning’
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Baudrillard (1998)
People are immersed in so much information they find it difficult to distinguish between media life and real life ‘hyper reality’, multiple versions of the truth
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Trowler
‘Polysemic’ each media message is now interpreted in different ways
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Levene (2007)
People have greater choice in their access to a greater diversity of the media which makes it easier for them to challenge meta narratives, university students in 2007 were able to use this for a campaign against HSBC
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Card 2

Front

Curran (2003)
Newspaper

Back

1937 four men including Beaverbrook were known as press barons and sold half of the newspapers in the UK, in 2015 little change had occurred seven individuals dominate the ownership and content such as News corp is owned and controlled by Murdoch who owns

Card 3

Front

Doyle (2002)

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Pluralists

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Whale (1977)

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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