materials

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two major groups of plastics?
1-thermoplastics. 2- thermosetting plastics
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3 major groups of wood?
1-hard wood 2-soft wood 3- manufactured boards
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two major groups of metals?
1- ferrous 2-non-ferrous
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3 different ferrous metals ?
1-mild steel. 2- high carbon steel. 3- stainless steel
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3 different non ferrous metals?
1- aluminium. 2- brass. 3- copper
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explain properties and uses of mild steel.
strong and cheap but rusts easily and cant be hardened or tempered. The uses are: 1-car bodies 2-screws,nuts, bolts and nails. 3- washing machines
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explain properties and uses of high carbon steel.
harder than mild steel and can be hardened and tempered but its not as easy to work and it rusts. the uses are : drills,files,chisels and saws.
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explain properties and uses of stainless steel.
hard and won't rust but is more expensive. The uses are: medical equipment,sinks,kettles and cutlery.
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what are ferrous metals?
metals that contain iron
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what are non ferrous metals?
metals that do not contain iron
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explain properties and uses of aluminium.
light weight and corrosion resistant but its expensive and its not as expensive as steel.The uses are : aeroplanes,cans and ladders
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explain properties and uses of Brass.
quite strong, corrosion resistant, malleable, ductile and looks good.The uses are :door handles and electrical parts.
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explain properties and uses of copper.
soft,malleable, ductile and a very good electrical conductor.
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what is an alloy?
it is a mixture of two or more metals. e.g. carbon
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how can we stop steel from rusting?
spray lacquer,galvanizing, cover with plastic and paint
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explain softwoods and give some examples.
softwoods grow in colder climates and are fast growing which makes them cheap. Examples: pine,cedar and yew
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explain hardwoods and give some examples.
usually grow in warm climates and are slow growing which makes them more expensive than softwoods. Examples: oak,mahogany and beech.
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what is plywood?
manufactured board, used for building and furniture. it is made up of several layers of softwood or hardwood glued together. the structure of plywood makes it very strong.
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what is Blockboard?
it is not as strong as plywood but its cheaper.its often used for doors. strips of softwood are glued together and they are sandwiched between two veneers.
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what is chipboard?
very cheap but not strong. usually used for cheap self assembly furniture. it is made by compressing wood chips together with glue.
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what is MDF?
it is made of tiny wood particles, glued and compressed. it is pretty cheap and has smooth faces that are easy to paint. it is usually used for shelving units.
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what are thermoplastics?
they do not resist heat and are easily formed into different shapes by heating, melting and moulding. they are also recyclable. examples: acrylic, ABS and polystyrene.
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what are thermosetting plastics?
they are non recyclable and rigid. when they are heated they become rigid so they can not be melted and reshaped again. they resist heat and fire so they are used for electrical fittings and pan handles.
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examples of thermosetting plastics.
melamine formaldehyde, polyester resin and epoxy resin
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explain the properties and uses of acrylic.
it is flexible and shock resistant. it is easily cut and it is a good insulator. The uses are : windows, toys, aquarium and lighting fixtures
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explain the properties and uses of ABS.
it is strong and rigid, and a good electrical insulator but is quite expensive. The uses are : machined prototypes, housing and support blocks
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explain the properties and uses of polystyrene.
it can be rigid or foamed. it is inexpensive ,hard and brittle. it is used for packaging and insulation.
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explain the properties and uses of melamine formaldehyde.
clear,hard and chemically resistant. Uses: plastic cutlery and bowls
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explain the properties and uses of polyester resin.
easy handling,low cost, good chemical insulator.Uses: sheet moulding and bulk moulding
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explain the properties and uses of epoxy resin
its strong and hard. Uses: carbon fibre and fibreglass reinforcements
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what does a soft wood tree looks like ?
Softwoods come from coniferous trees which are evergreen, needle-leaved, cone-bearing trees, such as cedar, fir and pine.
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what does a hard wood tree looks like ?
Hardwoods come from broad-leaved, deciduous trees. The main hardwood timbers are ash, beech, birch, cherry, elm, iroko, mahogany, meranti, oak, obeche, sapele and teak.
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what are Composite materials?
Composite materials are formed by combining a reinforcing material such as wood pulp, and a bonding agent, such as glue. The wood pulp is made from the waste from cutting solid wood. MDF and GRP are examples of composite materials.
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what are smart materials?
Smart materials are reactive materials. Their properties can be changed by exposure to stimuli, such as electric and magnetic fields, stress, moisture and temperature.
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what are Conductive polymers?
Most plastics are natural insulators. The advantages of making plastics which are conductors are: they are easier to manufacture they are lighter and cheaper than metals they prevent the build-up of static electricity which can damage microcircuits
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what are nanomaterials?
Nanoparticles improve the mechanical properties of a material, such as stiffness or elasticity. When incorporated into polymers, they can be used as lightweight replacements for metals.
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what are nanomaterials used in ?
Nanomaterials are used in car manufacturing to create cars that are faster, safer and more fuel efficient. They can also be used to produce more efficient insulation and lighting systems.
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what is smart grease?
Smart grease is used to control movement, producing a dampened, slowed down feeling. For example, smart grease is used on volume control knobs and microscope slides.
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what are smart colours?
Smart colours are pigments which can be incorporated into paints, dyes, inks and plastics. Thermochromic pigments react to changes in temperature and photochromic pigments react to changes in light levels
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what are Photochromatic materials used for ?
sed in the manufacture of sunglasses. Exposure to sunlight causes the lens of the glasses to darken to protect the eye.
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what are ceramics?
Ceramics are made from clay, sand and feldspar. These materials are ground to a fine powder, mixed together and fired at high temperatures
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

3 major groups of wood?

Back

1-hard wood 2-soft wood 3- manufactured boards

Card 3

Front

two major groups of metals?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

3 different ferrous metals ?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

3 different non ferrous metals?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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