Kim Il Sung (1912-94) was the dictatorial leader of North Korea from shortly after World War II until his death in 1994. As a young man, Kim led guerrilla forces against the Japanese imperial army until he was forced to flee Korea in the late 1930s.
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DOUGLAS MACARTHUR
General Douglas MacArthur (1880-1964), one of the most powerful military officers in modern American history, was the Allied Commander of the Southwest Pacific Theater during World War II and the Commander in Chief of the Far East (CINCFE) in the pos
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SYNGMAN RHEE
Dr. Syngman Rhee (1875-1965) was an American-educated Korean exile who returned to his country to become the first president of South Korea in 1948. A fierce anticommunist.
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HARRY S. TRUMAN
Harry S. Truman (1884-1972) became the 33rd President of the United States upon the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt in April 1945.
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Domino Effect
governed much of US foreign policy starting in the early 1950s; belief that a communist victory in one nation would create a "domino effect" with surrounding countries becoming communist;
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38th Parallel
divides the Korean peninsula in the middle; became the boundary in 1948; North Korean army crossed the parallel in 1950;
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Red Scare
hysteria over the perceived threat of communism by americans in the 40s and 50s
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DMZ
aka Korean Demilitarized Zone; ***** of land that runs between North and South Korea and serves as a buffer zone; crosses the 38th parallel at an angle
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Korea divided between North and South
Following Japanese surrender, Soviets maintained military presence in the North with American troops in the South. Temporary border at 38th parallel established
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Soviets & Americans withdraw military
A pro-Soviet puppet government is left in charge of North Korea with a vastly superior army to U.S.-supported South
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North Korea invades South Korea
Whether North Koreans acted with Stalin's approval is still debated
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U.S. troops invade at Inchon
In surprise landing behind enemy lines, US forces push North Korean army back north of the 38th parallel
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Chinese divisions enter fighting
With increased opposition, UN offensive stalls and then collapses. Chinese troops push UN forces back across 38th parallel and capture Southern capital of Seoul
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Korea becomes campaign issue in 1952 presidential election
Eisenhower pledges to go to Korea to end the war. VP candidate Nixon contends Democrats had caved in to communists in Korea and that Democrat presidential candidate Stevenson should be called "Adlai the Appeaser"
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Card 2
Front
DOUGLAS MACARTHUR
Back
General Douglas MacArthur (1880-1964), one of the most powerful military officers in modern American history, was the Allied Commander of the Southwest Pacific Theater during World War II and the Commander in Chief of the Far East (CINCFE) in the pos
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