Keywords within Cold War

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Appeasement
Maintaining peace by offering concessions or agreeing with demands.
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Black Market
Secret commercial transactions designed to avoid the payment of taxes
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Bolsheviks
A Faction of the Russian Social Democratic Party led by Lenin that won power during the October Revolution of 1917
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Carter Doctrine
Policy of President Carter that the United States would use military force to defend its national interests in the Persian Gulf
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Cruise missiles
A low-flying guided missile designed to deliver a larger warhead over larger distance with accuracy
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Cultural Revolution
Period of political upheaval in China- Mao Zedong used young communists to remover old communist party members from office, Mao regained political power and held till 1977
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Defensive Perimeter
List of countries the US intended to defend to prevent communism in Asia.
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De- Stalinisation
Policy introduced by Khrushchev to reverse aspects of Stalin's regime e.g. in legal system, liberalization in culture, economic reforms and new approach to the West
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Detente
Relaxation of hostilities between countries, in this case between USA and USSR
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Dollar Imperialism
The Soviet belief that the US used the Marshall Plan to create a sphere of influence in Western Europe
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Domino Theory
Belief held by President Eisenhower and others that if the US let one country fall to communism, then many others would follow too
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Hawk
Person who supports an aggressive warlike policy in foreign affairs
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Imperialism
Extension of Nation's rule or authority over foreign countries, or of acquiring and holding colonies and dependencies
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Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles (ICBMs)
Guided ballistic missile with a minimum range of 5,500 kilometers which carries a nuclear payload
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International Monetary Fund (IMF)
Organisation that promotes the removal of trade restrictions, stable exchange rates, the expansion of world trade and monitors the global economy
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Limited War
War where the choice of weapons, the states or territory involve, or the objectives pursued are restricted in someway
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Martial Law
Suspension of ordinary laws and the responsibility to maintain law and order passed to the military
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Massive Relations
Part of Eisenhower's New Look Policy- that threatened nuclear retaliation against the Soviet Union in response to communist aggression abroad
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Matador Missiles
The first American surface-to surface missile
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Mccarthyism
The anti-Communist witch hunts led by the Republican Senator Joseph McCarthy between 1947-1954,. He used the House of Un-American Activities Committee to uncover communists and their sympathisers
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Monetary Reform
The Deutsche Mark was introduced to the Western zones of Germany in 1948 to facilitate the Marshall Plan, and combat inflation and the black market
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Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD)
Military strategy in which full-scale use of nuclear weapons by two opposing sides would cause the complete annihilation of both participants. Thus a nuclear war is unwinnable and undesirable
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National Liberation Front
A Vietnamese political organization formed in 1960, with the aim of overthrowing the South Vietnamese Government and reunifying Vietnam
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NATO
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization introduced in 1949 after the Berlin Blockad. It guaranteed collective security for its members and was another expression of the American policy of containment
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NSC-68
A report by the National Security Council in 1950 that proposed a significant rearmament of the USA
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Nuclear Disarmament
Effort to abandon nuclear weapons
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Nuclear parity
Balance between the nuclear strengths of both the USSR and the USA
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Operation Rolling Thunder
Heavy bombing by the US air force between 1965 and 1968, introduced after the Gulf of Tonkin incident in August 1964
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Purge
Describes Stalin's removal of political opponents via arrests, imprisonments and death sentences mainly in 1930s
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Reparations
Compensations paid to victorious country with the aim of making amends for a perceived wrong
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Rapprochement
To establish or seek more cordial relations
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Republics
This relates to the 15 Republics that made up the USSR
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Roll Back
Not used but suggested but Eisenhower's administration- strategy sought to remove communism rather than enclose it.
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Salami Tactics
The piecemeal attack on or elimination of opposition. In relation, to eastern Europe, this meant the formation of coalition governments and the capturing of key positions in government by communists parties
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Second Front
Stalin wanted a Second Front in the West to spilt Hitlers forces- didn't happen until D-day landings of June 1944
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Sinatra Doctrine
Policy by Gorbachev to allow Warsaw Pact members to determine their own affairs
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Socialist
Someone who believes- major industries should be owned and controlled by the government rather than by individual people and companies, equal distribution of wealth and an economy based on co-operation rather than competition
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Spheres of influence
Area in which a country has dominant power or influence even though it has no formal authority
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Sputnik II
Second spacecraft launched into orbit by the USSR, on 3 November 1957, it carried a living animal - Dog
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Stagnation
Low or no growth in the economy in relation to GDP
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Submarine Launched Ballistic Missiles (SLBMs)
A nuclear ballistic missile capable of being launched from submarines
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Tet
The Vietnamese new year festival
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Third World
Term used in the Cold War to describe countries not aligned with either NATO or the Communist Bloc
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Trizonia
The combination of American, British and French occupied zones of West Germany formed in 1948
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Truman Doctrine
Policy of Containment in 1947 in response to the civil wars in Greece and Turkey, it committed the US to giving financial support to countries or people threatened by Soviet forces or communist insurrection
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U-2
American Spy Plane- shot down on 1 May 1960, 13 days before the Paris Summit between USA and USSR
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United Nations (UN)
An international Organization with the goals of promoting peace, and political and economic co-operation- also empowered to use peacekeeping troops
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War of Attrition
Wearing down the opponent with a series of small-scale actions. General Westmoreland believed this would be effective against the Viet Cong
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Warsaw Uprising
Attempted uprising against the Nazis by the Polish 'Home Army'- Uprising eventually crushed by the Nazis due to the Soviet Union refusing to support the Polish
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Watergate Scandal
During Nixon's Presidential election campaign, Republicans authorized the use of bugging equipment int he Democratic national headquarters in Washington DC. The Nixon administration tried to cover this up
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Working Groups
Group of experts assembled by US president to advise him and make policy suggestions
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Secret commercial transactions designed to avoid the payment of taxes

Back

Black Market

Card 3

Front

A Faction of the Russian Social Democratic Party led by Lenin that won power during the October Revolution of 1917

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Policy of President Carter that the United States would use military force to defend its national interests in the Persian Gulf

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

A low-flying guided missile designed to deliver a larger warhead over larger distance with accuracy

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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