Why do positivists believe social phenomena can be?
observed measured and quantified
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What do positivists believe society is made up of ?
social facts
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Why does Durheim believe sociology is a science? (2 fancy words)
Scientists methods have hypothetico-deductive model and multi-variate analysis
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What process can sociology be verified through?
process of verificationism (repetition of methods) truth that guides future polcies
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Provide an example
Durkheim's study of 'le suicide'
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Explain the study and its relation to science
saw suicide as a social fact and used the deductive model to look at suicide rates of different European countries and he found correlations with different social facts like religion
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Realism
....
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Who are realists critical of ?
positivists metholody
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What realists argues sociology is science?
Keat and Urry
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Why do they believe this and make a comparison to natural sciences?
it is an open system
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What is an open system?
things we cannot see but can predict eg. astronomy
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What is a closed system?
control variables, accurate hypothesis, usually lab experiments in chemistry or physics
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Provide 2 examples of sociology being an open-system? class crime
sociologists cannot predict crime rates will increase due to numerous variables but can predict the effect, cannot predict material dep. but can explore its effects
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no
...
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Who Believes that sociology is not a science because it is not falsifiable?
popper
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Why does popper argue natural sciences are falsifiable?
there are often attempts to dis[orve the theory through gathering of data
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Why does popper argue sociology theories cannot be disproven?
they are provisional
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Why famous example did Popper give?
swans
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Provide an example relating to Marxism and not being science
Marxist theory of a proletariat revolution cannot be disproven as it has never happened
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THerefore what does sociology have need to have to be a science? Methods
a hypothesis that can be actively falsified
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Who comes up with the theory about scientific Paradigms?
Kuhn
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What is a paradigm?
set of practices and ideas of a unique set of beliefs
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Why happens in science when animalies occur and something does not work within a paradigm?
the paradigm shifts
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Why does sociology not work within 1 single paradigm?
because there is different perspectives and views
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Provide an example
each perspective works within different frameworks which is heavily subjective eg. feminists and Marxists
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Thus, what does science have to be in order to be scientific?
objective
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what is the word does Kuhn use when there is no dominant paradigm?
pre-paradigmatic
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Positivists
Back
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Card 3
Front
Why do positivists believe social phenomena can be?
Back
Card 4
Front
What do positivists believe society is made up of ?
Back
Card 5
Front
Why does Durheim believe sociology is a science? (2 fancy words)
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