Institutionalised aggression

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What are the two theories to explain institionalised aggression
situational explanations(the deprivation model). and dispositional explanations- the importation model (prisons are full of dangerous people, their violent characterics are imported into prisons.
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What are dispositional explanations
Empathise the causes of a particular behaviour being due to the enduring characteristics of the individuals involved rather than any situational variables.
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Institutionalised aggression
Refers to aggressive acts that are found in particular institutions like prisons.
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Situational explanations
CONTEXT NOT CHARACTERICS.Empathise the causes of aggressive behaviour as being due to the context in which it occurs rather than any enduring characteristic of the individual.
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What is the deprivation model
According to the deprivation model institutionalised aggression is the product of stressful and oppressive conditions in the prisons itself(Peterson 1999).
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What does the deprivation model say
Deprivation model says that because of these conditions inmates display more aggressive behaviour as they are under stress, and oppressive conditions, prisons are often loud and hot etc.
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What are the specific deprivations inmates experience according to Sykes(1958)
the loss of liberty, the loss of autonomy and the loss of security. These might be linked to an increase in violence
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What are the inmates reactions to these
some choose to withdraw by secluding themselves in their cell or living space, whereas some choose to withdraw rebel through violence towards staff and other inmates.
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What did a study with 2000 inmates show
revealed that violence in prison is often a way of surviving in order to not be made to look weak and be exploited in prison and an ever present threat within the prison culture to other inmates. They found the most violent incidents were more to do with
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What did cooke say we must
situational contexts in which aggression occurs and violence takes place.
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What are the three characterises
Overcrowding, heat and noise, job burnout
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Overcrowding
Study in 2014 showed that record murder rates, suicides and assaults is due to overcrowding in uk prisons which has increased.
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Study to support heat and noise
e high temperatures and noise increase the effects of overcrowding and predispose inmates to aggressive behaviour. Griffith, in a study found that a combination of high temperatures and population densities produced more negative emotions than was with th
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Whats job burnout
Prison staff are psychologically exhausted so lose care in the role of looking after the prisoners, therefore relationships with inmates have fallen, so violence has increased and functioning of the prison has got worse.
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What does Irwin say about dispositional explanations(the importation model
inmates bring with them to prison certain characters from their violent pasts and draw from these experiences in a very physically harsh environment where physical aggression is essential to survive. not blank states when they enter prison
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What are codes of the street
Sreet culture has evolved into a “culture of the street”- a set of informal interpersonal rules governing behaviour including violence. At the heart of the code of the streets is the issue of respect
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What is gang membership
constant relation to violence and other forms of anti- social behaviour. Pre-prison gang membership appears to be an important determinant of prison misconduct.
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What did a study about gang membership find
A study of over 1000 inmates found that individuals who had been members of gangs prior to imprisonment were significantly more likely to commit various types of misconduct in prison like murder hostage and assault.
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What did wang find out
Anger, antisocial personality and impulsivity, wang found that these individual characteristics were stronger producers of institutionalised aggression than ethnicity and type of offence committed, of these anger was most important
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Whats a strength of the deprivation model proposed by Peterson
Research support for idea that certain deprivations, like of meaningful activity, cause increased violence in instutitioanlised setting. Mccorke(1995) study of 371 us prisoners found that sitational factors play role, prisons with large number of inmates
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What are dispositional explanations

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Empathise the causes of a particular behaviour being due to the enduring characteristics of the individuals involved rather than any situational variables.

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Institutionalised aggression

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Card 4

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Situational explanations

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What is the deprivation model

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