innate immunity

?
  • Created by: katioll
  • Created on: 14-04-23 11:52
List chemical and physical defenses
lyzosyme
skin
bronchi
low pH in vagina
gut - acidic
flushing of urinary tract
1 of 18
What is the function of lysozymes
Digest cell walls of gram positive and negative bacteria
Cleaves Beta 1-4 linkages
2 of 18
What are Paneth cells
located in epithelial crypts in the intestine and produce antimicrobial proteins - alpha defensins and RegIII
3 of 18
What are alpha defensins
amphipathic peptides that disrupt cell membranes by inserting into lipid bilayer
They form pores which loses integrity and collapses
Secreted in gut in gut lumen to protect from infections
4 of 18
What is RegIIIy
A C type lectin that binds to peptidogylcans on gram positive bacteria cell walls
5 of 18
What are primary lymphoid organs
Bone marrow - produces WBC and helps T helpers development
6 of 18
What are secondary lymphoid organs
Lymph nodes
Spleen
Tonsils
Adenoid
7 of 18
What is inflammation
Heat, pain, redness, swelling
due to cytokines made by WBC
8 of 18
What are macrophages
they find bacteria in tissues and release cytokines to allow fluid and proteins to pass to infected tissue
causes vasodilation and increases vascular permeability
release of inflammatory mediators that cause pain
9 of 18
Phagocytosis
Phagocytes arrive at the site by chemotaxis and infectious agents are taken into the phagosome with pseudopodia surrounding it
lysosome fuses with phagosome forming a phagoluysosome and kills the pathogen
antigenic peptides get presented on the membrane s
10 of 18
List antigen presenting cells
Dendritic
Macrophage
B lymphocytes
11 of 18
What are TLR
recognise if bacteria gram positive - TLR1 and TLR2 or negative - TLR4
12 of 18
What are NOD like receptors
they sense if bacteria has invaded the cell
13 of 18
What do dendritic cells do
Migrate to lymph nodes activating resting T cells
14 of 18
What do Fc and complement receptors do
Trigger a faster uptake and degradation of antibody coated bacteria - opsonisation
binding to these receptors signals fusion of lysosomes with phagosomes and increases bactericidal activity
15 of 18
Escape strategies to counter macrophages activity
1. toxin release - organism releases phagocyte toxin
2. oppsonization prevented - organism produces protein that prevents interaction between opsonizing antibody and phagocyte
3. contact with phagocyte prevented - organism possessed capsule that prevents
16 of 18
""
4. contact with phagocyte prevented - organism possessed capsule that prevents contact with phagoctye
4. phagosome fusion inhibited
5. escape into cytoplasm - organism escape feom phagolysosome
17 of 18
''''
6. resistance to killing - organism resist killing by producing antioxidants
18 of 18

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is the function of lysozymes

Back

Digest cell walls of gram positive and negative bacteria
Cleaves Beta 1-4 linkages

Card 3

Front

What are Paneth cells

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What are alpha defensins

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is RegIIIy

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Biology resources:

See all Biology resources »See all infection and immunity resources »