Infection is the invasion and multiplication of microorganisms commonly known as bacteria, viruses and parasites. These microorganisms are abnormal to the body.
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How to spot infection in a wound?
( the basics )
- Redness around the wound
- increased swelling
- yellow, white or green liquid coming from the wound
- A fever
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What is a fever?
( the basics )
A fever is a temperature of 38C or above. It is the body’s way of telling us there is something abnormal occurring in the body (an infection).
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How to stop a fever?
( the basics )
-Paracetamol
- Plenty of fluids
- A cool damp wash cloth to be placed on the forehead or back of the neck
- Seek medical advice if temperature does not decrease
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The process of infection
The process of infection occurs in 4 stages.
1) Colonization
2) Invasion
3) Multiplication
4) Spread
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Definition of colonization
The presence of a microorganism in the body. This microorganisms can be transmitted through direct or indirect contact.
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Definition of Invasion
The microorganisms invade tissues and other sites. This is the beginning of a disease.
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Definition of multiplication
Multiplication simply means the microorganisms multiplication in the body rapidly. They replicate in cells such as macrophages, infected cells and other bacterial pathogens. One microorganisms becomes two and so on.
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Definition of spreading
The microorganisms spread to other regions of the body such as the blood or organs.
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How to spot a viral infection?
- A fever
- Muscle ache
- Consistent cough
- A headache
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How to spot a serious infection?
- Chills and sweats
- Shortness of breath
- Nasal congestion
- Stiff neck
- Burning or pain when urinating
- Diarrhea
-Vomitting
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The four stages of the infectious disease process
1) Incubation period
2) Prodromal stage
3) Invasion period
4) Convalesence
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The incubation period
This period is the interval between exposure and when symptoms begin.
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Prodromal period
The appearance of symptoms which begin mild and progress to severe.
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Invasion period
The pathogen is multiplying rapidly and further invading the body.
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Convalesence period
The immune system and inflammatory systems have successfully fought the infectious agent.
Bacteria lives in soil, air, water, in humans, animals and plants. A bacterial infection can infect any area of the body.
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Viral infection
A viral infection is a proliferation of a harmful virus inside the body. Viruses cannot reproduce without a host.
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Fungal infection
A fungal infection is a skin disease caused by a fungus. Fungi live in the dirt, no plants and household surfaces.
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Parasitic & protozoan infection
A parasitic protozoan infection is a single-called organism that can cause disease. An example is malaria.
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What is the immune system?
Stated by Tortola and Derrickson 2010, the immune system is the immunity or resistance in our bodies. This system monitors, recognises and responds.
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Key aspects to remember when revising infection
1) Microorganisms, what they are and what they do
2) Process of infection
3) Infectious disease process
4) Spotting a fever and the severity
5) Types of infection.
6) The immune system
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
- Redness around the wound
- increased swelling
- yellow, white or green liquid coming from the wound
- A fever
Back
How to spot infection in a wound?
( the basics )
Card 3
Front
A fever is a temperature of 38C or above. It is the body’s way of telling us there is something abnormal occurring in the body (an infection).
Back
Card 4
Front
-Paracetamol
- Plenty of fluids
- A cool damp wash cloth to be placed on the forehead or back of the neck
- Seek medical advice if temperature does not decrease
Back
Card 5
Front
The process of infection occurs in 4 stages.
1) Colonization
2) Invasion
3) Multiplication
4) Spread
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