S2W11 Principles of infection and infectious agents - FS 0.0 / 5 ? OtherFundamentals of scienceUniversityNone Created by: Tino MurondaCreated on: 16-05-21 12:21 What is a pathogen? An organism that causes disease 1 of 16 What is an opportunistic infection? Infections caused by pathogens that take advantage of an opportunity that would not normally be available 2 of 16 What is a commensal relationship? Living in a relationship in which one organism derives food and other benefits from another organism without harming or helping it. 3 of 16 What is a microbiome? All the genetic material of a microbe 4 of 16 What is virulence? Degree to which a pathogen will cause disease. This includes - virulent strains - gene content altering phenotype - host susceptibility 5 of 16 What is a local infection? Surface infection, normally due to an open wound 6 of 16 What is an invasive infection? Barriers are penetrated and there is local spread 7 of 16 What is a systemic infection? infection spread via blood to other sites 8 of 16 What are some symptoms of local infection? Redness, swelling, warmth, pain Pus (pyogenic infection) 9 of 16 What are some symptoms of systemic infections? Fever, rigors, chills, tachycardia, tachypnoea 10 of 16 What is acute infection? Rapid onset, major local and systemic symptoms, acute inflammatory respose and is toxin mediated 11 of 16 What is a chronic infection? Slower onset or post-acute Still major local and systemic symptoms Chronic inflammatory response Due to host not being able to clear infection 12 of 16 What is an asymptomatic infection? Causes a mild or none at all inflammatory response, damage to the hose is also either mild or none at all No symptoms 13 of 16 What is a latent infection? Hidden, inactive or dormant Static 14 of 16 What are the stages of infection? 1. Acquisition from spread 2. Colonisation - adherence 3. Penetration and spread - local or general 4. Immune invasion 5. Tissue damage 6. Shedding transmission 7. Resolution 15 of 16 What is mucosal contact and some examples of infections? Genital tract - gonorrhea, chlamydia, HIV, HepB, Syphilis Saliva - Herpes, CMV, EBV Skin - Staphylococci, VZV, HPV, fungal infections 16 of 16
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