What was the first of J.N. Westwoods strands of tsarist autocracy?
The Tsar expected total submission from his subjects - the tsar was ordained by God and therefore did not need to be accountable to the people
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What was the second of J.N. Westwoods strands of tsarist autocracy?
the Tsar was obliged to act as a 'moral judge' on behalf of God - He had a paternalistic duty over his subjects and control them for the good of the nation - he was backed by the Russian Orthadox Church
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What was the third of J.N. Westwoods strands of tsarist autocracy?
Autocrcy = practical nececity. Supporters of Tsarism such as Konstantin Pobednostev claimed: "a liberal democracy would have led to too many people demanding too many different policies from those who lacked the ability to reason"
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what was the slogan used y Nicholas I to promote autocratic rule?
Orthodoxy Autocrcay and Nationality
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Whe were the Fundemental Laws passed?
1832
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what did the Fundamental Laws dictate?
The tsar is and autocratic and ultimate monarch. God ordains that all must bow to him, not only out of fear but also conscience
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What strengthened Alexander II's belief in autocracy?
His assasination attempt in 1866
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What did did Alexander III blame his fathers 1881 assasination on?
liberalism
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After making liberal concessions in 1905 what did Nicholas II do to reenforce Autocracy?
he introduced new Fundemental Laws in 1906
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what did the new fundemental Laws demand in addition to the 1832 edition?
as well as fear and conscience, God also commands obediance Russians to the Tsar -'The empire is governed by firmly established laws that are well enacted'
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What are assome examples of Alexander II diluting Autocracy?
1856 - "better to abolish serfdom from above than wait for it to abolish itself from below" 1857 - Creation of theSecret Comittee of Peasant affairs 1861 - Great Emancipation Statute
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Who were the peoples Will?
an educated terrorist group upset by Alexanders discontiuation o of reforms after the mid 1860s
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who fuled Alexander III's reactionary supression of the Peoples Will?
Pobedonostev
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what forced Nicholas II to impliment reforms in 1905?
the Russo Japanese war + an economic crisis
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whuich major peice of legislattion reenforced the autocracy under Nicholas II's reign?
the Fundemtal Laws 1906 = reduucing the Duma to a talking shop
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How did the landed elite control the agricultural surfs in tsarist Russia according to Marx?
using a superstructure of institutions
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what is Marx's labour theory of value?
under a capitalist economy the prolateriat will never gain the full value of their efforts, while the capitalists profit from their work.
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What was Marx's prediction based on the labour theory of value?
a global prolateriet revelution.
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According to Marx which countries would fall first?
Marx predicted european countries such a Germany and Britain whould be the first to turn to revelution (Russia was too rural and backwards)
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what would be formed when the workers seized control of the means of production, distribution and exchange?
A dictatorship of the proletariat -where the workers controlled the political power
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What was lenins revision to Marx's theory of the dictatorship of the proletariat?
the Proletariat would have to be told what to do by the Bolsheviks because the workers did not possess sufficent knowldge
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What did Lenin beleive in the 1890s?
an undiluted Marxist he supported workers' strikes for higher wages (1895, 1896, 1897) and better working conditions
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what was formed in 1898?
Russian Democratic Social Democrat Workers Party (RSDLP)
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after joining the RSDLP how did Lenin change his strategy?
He thought they should aim to attack the base of the capitalist system instead of gaining concessions from it
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Lenin's revision of Marxist principles were published in which pamphlet?
What is to be done? (1902)
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What didLebnins revisions suggest?
1. The dialectical phase (ongoing social change) of Marxism could be accelerated in Russia. 2. the Party Central Comittee could govern on behalf of the workers until they were ready for the 'dictatorship of the proletriat'
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What was the second of J.N. Westwoods strands of tsarist autocracy?
Back
the Tsar was obliged to act as a 'moral judge' on behalf of God - He had a paternalistic duty over his subjects and control them for the good of the nation - he was backed by the Russian Orthadox Church
Card 3
Front
What was the third of J.N. Westwoods strands of tsarist autocracy?
Back
Card 4
Front
what was the slogan used y Nicholas I to promote autocratic rule?
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