ICT 2

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  • Created by: MitchC
  • Created on: 05-05-17 10:26
Advantages of networks
Hardware can be shared – e.g. printers, scanners, high-capacity storage device can be used by all the computers connected to the network
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Advantages of networks 2
Software can be shared – a programme may be installed on one computer on a network, but can be run on any of the other computers (Can be slow to run though!)
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Advantages of networks 3
Data can be shared – Several users can access the same data on the network, e.g. our shared folders
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Advantages of networks 4
Networked computers can communicate – messages or files can be speedily sent from one networked computer to another
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Advantages of networks 5
The usage of the computers on the network can be controlled by a network manager
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Advantages of networks 6
If data files accessed by users on a network are stored on a file server, then it is easier to make scheduled back-ups than is the files are stored on several different computers
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Disadvantages of networks
Cost – cost of cabling and setting up can be high. Liable to attacks - Viruses are more likely if files are being sent between computers
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Disadvantages of networks 2
Hackers – May gain unauthorised access to files saved on a network server and use them for malicious purposes.
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Disadvantages of networks 3
Network failure – This can cause havoc as work which requires shared data, hardware and software can not continue.
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Types of networks
Peer-to-peer network – All the computers are in equal status: no computer is more important than any other. The computers on this type of network probably have similar specifications.
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Types of networks 2
Client-server network – organised so that one computer acts as a server and all the other computers are clients that use the shared resources on the server.
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Types of networks 3
The server is likely to be larger and more powerful with more memory and backing storage capacity than the client computers.
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Types of networks 4
Local area network (LAN) – where all the networked computers are in the same building or on the same site. The computers will have direct links connecting them using cable or wireless.
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Types of networks 4
Wide area network (WAN) – where the computers are geographically distant from each other. The connections are made using the telephone network and satellites.
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Network topologies
The simplest type of network is where each computer is connected to the computers on either side of it.
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Network topologies 2
Such networks are cheap but if one computer in the line breaks down or one of the cables is damaged, the network is split into two parts that are unable to communicate.
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Network topologies 3
A better way of setting up a network is to link each computer to s common cable called a bus. Of this set-up is used then it does not matter is one computer breaks down. The rest of the network is unaffected
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Network topologies 4
A bus network is simple and cheap to install but data communication is relatively slow.
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Network topologies 5
Star network – All computers are connected to a central hub, which directs the flow of data, or to a central computer that acts as the file server.. Each computer has its own connection to the hub so, if one computer or cable breaks down.
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Network topologies 6
it does not affect the rest of the network. However, if the hub or file server at the centre of the network fails, then all the computers are affected.
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Network topologies 7
Working on a computer in a star network is fast because of the direct link to the files server and each computer only has one cable link to another computer.
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Network topologies 8
Star networks can be quite expensive to install because of the amount of cabling but is faster and more reliable.
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Network topologies 9
Ring network – Computers are connected to each other in a loop. This is often used in a peer-to-peer network because there is no need for one computer to be more powerful than the rest.
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Network topologies 10
Computers communicate by sending data round the loop, always in the same direction, each one passing it on to the next, until it reaches the receiving computer.
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Network topologies 11
Ring networks are inexpensive but can easily be affected by breakdowns which affects the whole network.
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Network components ( Switch )
A device that filters data packets and forwards them between segments of the network.
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Network components ( Network interface card (NIC) )
Computer hardware, generally installed inside the computer or peripheral, that allows devices to connect to a wired network.
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Network components ( Gateway )
A system to allow a LAN to connect with a WAN such as the internet.
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Network components ( Router)
A device that forwards data packets along a network. Routers are generally located at gateways (where tow networks connect). They determine the best path for forwarding the packets, and they communicate with other routers to configure the best route.
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Network components ( Bridge )
A bridge connects a LAN to another LAN that uses the same protocol.
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Comparison of stand-alone and networked computers (Alone) 1
Less liable to virus attack and hacking
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Comparison of stand-alone and networked computers (Alone) 2
No communication with other computers
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Comparison of stand-alone and networked computers (Alone) 3
Needs its own printer, scanner, software etc.
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Comparison of stand-alone and networked computers (Networked) 1
Needs extra protection, such as firewalls, against online intrusion
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Comparison of stand-alone and networked computers (Networked) 2
Potential for data sharing
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Comparison of stand-alone and networked computers (Networked) 3
Can share printers, scanners and software
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Software can be shared – a programme may be installed on one computer on a network, but can be run on any of the other computers (Can be slow to run though!)

Back

Advantages of networks 2

Card 3

Front

Data can be shared – Several users can access the same data on the network, e.g. our shared folders

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Networked computers can communicate – messages or files can be speedily sent from one networked computer to another

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

The usage of the computers on the network can be controlled by a network manager

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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