human physiology semester 1

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  • Created by: maddie289
  • Created on: 26-01-21 15:20
what forms the neuroendocrine NS in embryology?
neural crest
1 of 75
what is the top layer of the meninges?
dura mater
2 of 75
higher functions are controlled by the...
frontal lobe
3 of 75
what is the function of ependymal cells?
to produce cerebral spinal fluid
4 of 75
where are the carotid arteries found?
either side of the Adam's apple
5 of 75
what ions are needed for action potential DEPOLARISATION?
Na+
6 of 75
which is NOT an amino acid neurotransmitter?
adrenaline
7 of 75
... is NOT an amine neurotransmitter.
endocannabinoid
8 of 75
what makes up the SNARE complex?
VAMP2, SNAP-25, and syntaxin1A
9 of 75
which cannot be caused by a deficit in the dopamine diffuse modulatory system?
Alzheimer's disease
10 of 75
which is NOT a glutamate excitatory neurotransmitter?
GABA
11 of 75
what is an example of implicit memory?
procedural
12 of 75
how do AMPA receptors change with Long Term Potentiation?
increase in number
13 of 75
what is anterograde amnesia?
you cannot recall short term memory
14 of 75
what is retrograde amnesia?
all memory before the trauma is lost
15 of 75
the hippocampus degenerates first in which disease?
Alzheimer's
16 of 75
the striatum is destroyed in what disease?
Huntingdon's
17 of 75
the Substantia Nigra is destroyed in what disease?
Parkinson's
18 of 75
which receptors are located on the tongue, skin, nose and viscera?
chemoreceptors
19 of 75
what do nociceptors respond to?
pain
20 of 75
what do Pacinian corpuscles respond to?
vibration
21 of 75
a neuronal receptive field is a region of space where a stimulus ...
induces the production of a signal
22 of 75
the most sensitive body parts include tongue, face, genitalia and...
hands
23 of 75
sweet, salty, and savory are detected using which papillae?
fungiform
24 of 75
what is the loss of smell called?
anosmia
25 of 75
which statement is INCORRECT?
men usually hear higher pitched sounds
26 of 75
in the correct order from outer to inner, what are the layers of the eye?
sclera, choroid, retina
27 of 75
which statement about eye chambers is correct?
anterior segment -filled with aqueous humor and the posterior segment -filled with vitreous humor
28 of 75
what colours are seen through cone cells in the eyes?
red, blue, green
29 of 75
what is NOT primarily an endocrine organ?
liver
30 of 75
what type of hormones are derived from cholesterol?
steroid
31 of 75
tyrosine kinase receptors are for...
peptide hormones
32 of 75
what gland is cortisol secreted from?
adrenal
33 of 75
what is cortisol associated with?
stress
34 of 75
what is the main function of aldosterone?
increase Na+ retention
35 of 75
what is DHEA (an androgen precursor) converted to?
testosterone and oestrodiol
36 of 75
which is the correct statement about pancreatic islets?
alpha cells - secrete glucagon, beta cells - secrete insulin
37 of 75
primary adrenal insufficiency is when...
the adrenal gland doesn't produce enough cortisol
38 of 75
Cushing's syndrome is...
HYPERcortisolism
39 of 75
secondary adrenal insufficiency is a result of...
the pituitary gland not producing enough ACTH
40 of 75
a lack of CRH production leads to...
tertiary adrenal insufficiency
41 of 75
which statement is correct about dynamic function tests
synacthen is for hypocortisolism, and dexamethasone suppression is for hypercortisolism
42 of 75
the heart is stimulated by the...
cardioaccelatory centre
43 of 75
'the energy of contraction is proportional to the muscle length at rest' is stated in...
Starling's Law of the Heart
44 of 75
which law is associated with blood flow?
Poiseuille
45 of 75
when talking about resistance, which law can be applied?
Darcy
46 of 75
which is a hormonal vasoconstrictor?
angiotensin II
47 of 75
an ischaemic stroke is caused by what?
accelerated atherosclerosis
48 of 75
a haemorrhagic stroke is caused by...
weakened vessel walls
49 of 75
anaphylaxis is what type of shock?
low resistance
50 of 75
a haemorrhage is...
associated with hypovolemic shock
51 of 75
where does the majority of blood get sent during exercise?
skeletal muscles
52 of 75
the left and right lungs are separated by what?
mediastinum
53 of 75
what muscles are NOT used during inspiration?
internal intercostals
54 of 75
what nerve supplies the diaphragm?
phrenic
55 of 75
oxygen is stored as what in the lungs?
gas
56 of 75
which is NOT an affecting factor on Oxygen dissociation curves?
diet
57 of 75
metabolic acidosis is usually caused by what?
loss of bicarbonate
58 of 75
the likely cause of respiratory acidosis is ...
hypoventilation
59 of 75
anxiety, altitude sickness, hyperventilation and what else can cause respiratory alkalosis?
a stroke
60 of 75
the pre-botzinger complex is part of which brain centre?
ventral respiratory group
61 of 75
examples of obstructive respiratory disorders are...
COPD and asthma
62 of 75
restrictive respiratory disorders include...
ILD and kyphoscoliosis
63 of 75
what are the 3 stages of memory in order of event
acquisition, consolidation, then recall
64 of 75
which is NOT associated with sleep deprivation?
increased efficiency
65 of 75
at what age do sleep disorders become most prevalent?
9-16
66 of 75
what are the sleep stages in order
wake, NREM I, NREM II, NREM III, REM
67 of 75
which statement about biological rhythms is UNTRUE?
phase advance is when you travel East-West
68 of 75
how prevalent is sleep walking in children?
20%
69 of 75
which is NOT associated with narcolepsy?
high CSF-hypocretin-1 levels
70 of 75
which is NOT an affecting factor to obstructive sleep apnoea?
balanced diet
71 of 75
a CPAP machine is used by patients with what disorders?
obstructive breathing
72 of 75
what's the function of the pineal gland?
sleep-wake cycle
73 of 75
which is NOT a tropic hormone?
adrenaline
74 of 75
oxytocin is produced by the...
posterior pituitary
75 of 75

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Card 2

Front

what is the top layer of the meninges?

Back

dura mater

Card 3

Front

higher functions are controlled by the...

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

what is the function of ependymal cells?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

where are the carotid arteries found?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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