Human Lifespan and Development

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What are the life stages and age ranges?
Infancy 0-2yrs
Early Childhood 3-8yrs
Adolescence 9-18yrs
Early Adulthood 19-45yrs
Middle Adulthood 46-65yrs
Late Adulthood 66+yrs
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What is Growth?
Growth is a physical change where there is an increase height and weight. It is measurable.
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What are the principles of growth?
-Measurement of height and weight
-As height increases so does weight
-Growth is continuous but not smooth
-Rate of growth can vary especially between girls and boys.
-Growth rates vary in different body parts, eg head circumference.
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What 3 areas of growth do we measure and monitor?
Weight

Height

Head Circumference
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What is a growth chart?
A growth chart is used to follow a child's growth over time.
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Why do we monitor growth?
To monitor the child's growth to access their health.
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What is development?
Is the acquisition of skills and abilities and they happen in a orderly sequence.
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What are the principles of development?
Head to toe - lift head

Inside to outside - control movement in their body

Same sequence but at different rate.

Holistically - areas of development are dependant on each other.
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What are milestones?
It is the expectation that everyone should be expected to meet.
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What is a gross motor skill?
It is the development of large movements that involve using the large muscles of the body.
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In order, list the gross motor milestones in infancy.
3 months - can lift their head
6 months - rolls over
9-10 months - crawls
12-13 months - stands
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What gross motor skill develop in early childhood?
Riding a bike
Climbing
Buttoning up shirt
Run forwards and backwards
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What activities promote gross motor development in infancy?
Baby door bouncers (leg movement)
Baby walkers (walking)
Play mats (lift head
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What is fine motor skill?
Are smaller movements that require more precise direction (dexterity) and use smaller muscles.
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What are the 3 parts of fine motor development?
Palmer grip - its the reflex of the grasp
Pincer grip - the use of the fingertips
Tripod grip - the use of the thumb and index finger only
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Explain the stages of fine motor skill development for Newborn, 18 months, 3 years and 5 year
Grasping a finger or rattle, development of palmar grip to hold a crayon, development of tripod grip so they can hold a knife and folk and button shirt, can manipulate and construct blocks using hand eye coordination.
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What is the difference between primary and secondary sexual characteristics?
Primary sexual characteristic are present at birth but just start to show more such as the enlargement of breast in females but is not fully produced. however secondary sexual characteristics is when the fully develop and physical changes are more apparen
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List the changes that occur during puberty in a female that i. primary changes ii. Secondary
i. Ovaries begin to release/ the uterus enlarges/vagina lengthens/menstrual cycle starts
ii. Breasts develop/areola darkens (*******)/ hair grows in armpits/pubic hair/redistribution of body fat.
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List the changes that occur during puberty in a male that i. are primary changes ii. Are Secondary changes
i.enlargement of penis and testes/spontaneous erections/produces sperm
ii. pubic hair grows/ facial hair/ adams apple (larynx) causing deep voice
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What hormones are responsible for the changes that occur in puberty for i. a male ii. A female
i. testesterone
ii. progesterone/ oestrogen
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Explain the role of hormones in sexual development for i. male ii. Female
i. Causes the sexual chareteristics of primary and secondary.
ii. Causes the sexual chaertistics of primary and secondary.
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Explain the term maturation which occurs in early adulthood.
It is the peak of your physical abilities. When you are fully mature.
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List five areas of maturation
Men and women are most agile
Women tend to be fully developed.
Men and women have the best reaction.
The male is the most strongest at this point.
These years are the best for conceiving a child.
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What is perimenopause and what are the signs and symptoms?
Perimenopause is the transition to menopause. Women produce less oestrogen which causes ovaries not to produce less eggs. This causes the women to feel have mood swings, hot flushes, night sweats, irregular or heavy period, loss of libido, fatigue and tro
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In middle adulthood, menopause will occur. What are the signs and symptoms of menopause?
Menopause is the complete stop of the menstrual cycle. The signs are the less sexual hormones, hot flushes, insomnia (cause emotional issues),period stops, sexual organs shrink and bones become weak.
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How can menopause affect emotional health?
Menopause can emotionally damage women because it can cause a decrease in self esteem, image, depression, anxious, upset about not having children.
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List 8 physical changes that occur in later adulthood
Loss of senses
Loss of mobility
Loose elasticity in skin
Metabolism slow down
Slower reaction time
Deuteriation in spine
Loss of muscles mass
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What does cognitive impairment mean?
Cognitive impairment is when you have an issue hearing and memory deuteriation.
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Card 2

Front

What is Growth?

Back

Growth is a physical change where there is an increase height and weight. It is measurable.

Card 3

Front

What are the principles of growth?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What 3 areas of growth do we measure and monitor?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is a growth chart?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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