The war between the slave owning Southern states and the Northern states of the USA. 1861-1865.
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Band
A small group of Plains Indians made up of several families.
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Barbed wire
Spiked steel wire ideal for keeping in animals, invented by Joseph Glidden in 1874.
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Barren
Land too poor to grow food on. The White settlers initially called the Great Plains the Great American Desert.
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Bugle
A brass instrument used to give military signals.
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Cattle baron
A powerful cattle rancher who owns a lot of cattle and land.
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Cattle branded
Burning a mark onto cattle to show ownership. These could be illegally changed by claim fixing.
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Cattle drive
Moving cattle over a long distance by foot.
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Cavalry
Soldiers who fight on horseback. For example George Custer and the 9th Cavalry
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Chuck wagon
The wagon used to carry food and supplies for cowboys and cattle ranches.
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Civilised
Someone or something which is advanced, refined or sophisticated. The Indians were accused by the Whites as being savage.
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Claim
An area of land that someone has claimed to own by right. For example the right to mine gold on a claim
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Claim jumping
Using someone else’s claim to mine gold on a piece of land you haven’t purchases a license for
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Congregation
People who watch or take part in a religious ceremony.
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Cowboy
A man who looked after cattle in the American West.
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Economic depression
A period of time when the economy is weak and unemployment is high. For example the Depression of 1839 encourage many Americans to travel west.
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Desertion
Leaving a post without permission, usually refers to soldiers.
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Emigration
Leaving one country or area to settle into a new one.
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Exterminator
Someone who wanted to destroy the Plains Indians and their way of life.
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Forty- nine (49’ers)
A miner who took part in the 1849 Californian gold rush.
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Free blacks
Ex-slaves from the Southern States of USA. Many travelled West and became Homesteaders.
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Gentile
The name used by Mormons to describe Non-Mormons.
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Raw hide
The complete skin of an animal, usually a large animal such as a buffalo.
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Indian agent
A US Government official in charge of reservation.
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Infantry
Soldiers on foot.
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Lynched
Unlawfully killed by hanging, typically by a MOB, without legal trail.
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Manifest destiny
The belief of the American people that it is their God given duty to settle across the Whole of North America.
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Medicine bag
A small bag containing charms and other items of religious importance for an Indian.
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Medicine man
The name given by non-Indians to Indian holy men who were believed to have healing powers.
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Moccasin
A soft leather shoe made and worn by Plains Indians.
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Indian nation
Indian nations were groups of Indians made up of tribes and bands living a structured traditional life. These nations did not have set geographical boundaries.
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Negotiator
Someone who wanted to reach out to the Plains Indians by talking to them and making treaties.
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Open range
Large areas of unfenced land on which cattle could graze.
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Outlaw
A criminal, literally someone who is outside of the law.
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Perpetual Emigrating Fund
A fund set up to help Mormons travel to Salt Lake City, which they later had to repay.
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Persecution
The mistreatment or harassment of a person or group.
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Pioneer
An early settler to a new country or religion
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Polygamy
A practice of having more than one wife at a time
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Prophet
Someone who claims to speak gods will. Joseph smith, founder of the Mormons, claimed that he has spoken to an angel
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
A small group of Plains Indians made up of several families.
Back
Band
Card 3
Front
Spiked steel wire ideal for keeping in animals, invented by Joseph Glidden in 1874.
Back
Card 4
Front
Land too poor to grow food on. The White settlers initially called the Great Plains the Great American Desert.
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