Herbert Hoover vs. Franklin D. Roosevelt

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Hoover's beliefs about the Depression
• Believed it had been caused by worldwide problems beyond America's control and would be over quickly.
• Self-made millionaire.
• Believed in rugged individualism, private charity and local communities helping those in need, not federal intervention.
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1930 Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act
• Added more tariff to foreign goods to make US ones appear cheaper and encourage people to buy them. The idea was to put more money back into the economy.
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Other actions
• Reconstruction Finance Corporation- set up in 1932 to lend money to businesses in need
• He made $300 million available to states for public works projects, such as building roads and schools, but only $30 million were used.
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Failure of Hoover's (in)action
• The economy didn't get back on track and Hoover was mocked and blamed for the continued hardships. The common belief was that he had done too little, too late. He became very unpopular.
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Hoovervilles
On the edge of towns, people lived in snacks made from waste material, such as cardboard. They used newspapers for blankets and ate out of rubbish bins. These shanty towns became known as Hoovervilles.
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The 1932 Bonus March
• ~20,000 unemployed veterans asked for their $1000 war bonuses to be paid early
• They protested, set up a camp in Washington D.C. and became known as the Bonus Army
• Hoover ordered General Douglas MacArthur to drive them away with tanks, guns and tear
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Who was Roosevelt?
• Elected Governor of New York in 1928
• Charismatic, effective public speaker (unlike Hoover)
• Toured the country meeting voters and campaigned for people to vote for him.
• Some people believed that having overcome polio in 1921 made him more relatabl
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Proposed New Deal policies
• Relief: help for the homeless, sick, elderly and unemployed
• Recovery: creating jobs and getting the economy back on track
• Reform: Measures to prevent another Depression
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The election outcome
• With Hoover and Republicans being blamed for the Depression, Roosevelt won the election.
• Only 6 out of 48 states voted for Hoover.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

1930 Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act

Back

• Added more tariff to foreign goods to make US ones appear cheaper and encourage people to buy them. The idea was to put more money back into the economy.

Card 3

Front

Other actions

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Failure of Hoover's (in)action

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Hoovervilles

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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