Henry's Government 1529-1540

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Who believes there was a revolution in government?
Elton
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Why does he believe there was a revolution in government in the 1530s?
Until the 1530s the government was usually based upon the court/household but, its role was replaced mire by the privy council
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What did this erode according to Elton?
Some of the powers and authority of the nobility
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What was the Royal court substituted with?
Bureaucratic administration
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What does Bureaucratic administration mean?
specialized departments trained to manage routine matters
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What also had a dramatic increase role and importance?
Parliament - mainly to pass religious reforms
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Who rejects the notion of any kind of revolution (he is a racist)?
David Starkey
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Why do historians believe it was an evolution, not a revolution?
Change in government began with the accession of Edward IV in 1461 and continued to at least 1561
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What 2 things do we need to consider when it comes to Elton's theory?
How much change occurred ( was it a revolution ie. transformation), how much was Cromwell responsible?
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The council
......
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How many advisors were there before 1536?
70
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What were these 70 advisors
Mostly nobles, some clergy, and bureaucrats
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How many advisors were there after 1536?
20
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What were these 20 advisors?
mostly professionals such as Lawyers making the council more professional
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Thus, what did this change make the privy council?
More efficient
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What were trained professionals now answerable to?
The Lord Chancellor - more efficient
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Provide an example of 2 new courts
The Court of Augmentations and first fo the first fruit and tenths
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What do these changes show continuity with?
Henry VII had a smaller sub group eg. Fox, Bray, Morton
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What event is it theories to have caused this change from Cromwell?
Not sure if he did set up the privy council but if so, most likely in response to the Pilgrimage of Grace
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The Court/Royal Court
......
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What did the government become less centered on?
The Royal household
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what did the government turn into?
More independent and bureaucratic
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However, what do historians argue about medieval government?
It was more independent and bureaucratic and less concentrated on households than previously thought
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How had Woley already tred to reduce the power of the household?
Through thr Eldam Ordiancea 1556
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What had still remained at the heart of government?
The Privy Chamber
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What was Cromwell's role ?
He personally reduced the role of the royal household and made most bureaucrats responsible to him
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Parliament
......
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How many times had parliament met 1509-1529?
4
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What does it mean by the 'so-called 'reformation parliament''?
The way Cromwell got through his policies and legalisation - mostly reformation policies
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How many pages were printed 1215-1509?
1092
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How many pages were printed from 1509-1032?
1032
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What change in parliament was to last to future monarchs?
A crucial development in parliament at this time as laws were not just made by the king but the 'king in parliament'
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Provide evidence of continuity particularly in the 1540s?
Parliament was used less in the 1540s
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What did Cromwell do devote to parliament?
His time to help its management
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What 2 things did Cromwell manipulate parliament?
Printed propaganda to help sway MPs votes
Influenced opponents by telling them they 'need not to attend'
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Local Government
....
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What did control over the country become?
more centralized
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When was the Act of Union?
1536
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What was the Act of union?
incorporated Wales into the English and legal administrative system
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In the North what event meant a more direct and efficient control?
The Pilgrimage of Grace 1539 because it created the council if the north
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When and how did Ireland become under the direct control of Henry?
1540 - Henry became King of Ireland rather than 'lord' deputy
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However, what did Henry still rely on for control over local areas (continuity)?
Continued reliance on local landowners to enforce Henry's laws.
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Finance
.....
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What did the dissolution of the monasteries double the crown's income from?
£150,000 to £300,000
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What court was set up to deal with former monastic lands?
The court of Augmentations
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What court was set up to collect money from the clergy that had originally been sent to Rome?
The Court for the First Fruits and Tenths
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What was still used to manage finances shoeing continuity
Through the privy chamber rather than the Exchequer
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Who created the Court of Augmentations ?
Cromwell
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Did Cromwell create the first fruits?
No, because he died
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Sovereignty and Empire
......
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What did Several documents draw up talk about?
The independence of England set up as a single state with all power to the empire with denial of interference
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What were these documents aided by?
the removal of Papal authority from England
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What were other moanarchs able to do though that show continuity?
Appoint their own Bishops and Archbishops
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Who drafted up these documents on sovereignty?
Cromwell
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Who's idea was it to make Henry the Supreme Head of the Church?
Cromwell
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Why does he believe there was a revolution in government in the 1530s?

Back

Until the 1530s the government was usually based upon the court/household but, its role was replaced mire by the privy council

Card 3

Front

What did this erode according to Elton?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What was the Royal court substituted with?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What does Bureaucratic administration mean?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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