Henry VIII and the Reformation

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  • Created by: LucyLaa
  • Created on: 26-06-17 08:30
What was Lutheranism?
A pre-Reformation idea with 3 main ideas: Justification by faith alone; Priesthood of all believers; Sola Scriptura
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Who were the Humanists?
A small group of believers who didn't want reformed doctrine, but did want to intellectual and moral standards of the clergy
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Who were the Lollards?
A radical group of men who challenged papal authority and the doctrine of the Catholic Church
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Was the Church in need of reform?
Yes, but gradually. There is little evidence for a mass dislike for the Pope, and most clergy were well-respected and supported. However, figures suggest a slight decrease in enthusiasm for mass, and some corruption of important clergy (Hunne case)
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Was the break with Rome a religious or political attack?
Political - Henry saw it as a means to secure a divorce, but had no intention of doctrinal reform
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When was the Act in the Restraint of Appeals passed?
1533
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When was the Act of Supremacy passed?
1534
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What did the Act of Succession (1534) do?
It ended Catherine's claim to be Henry's wife, making Mary illegitimate
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Why were the monasteries important to the community?
They provided education, healthcare, social care and most lay folk were loyal to their monasteries
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What was 'Valor Ecclesiasticus'?
An unpopular survey on wealth, land, property and monk behaviour
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Did Cromwell initially intend to shut down all monasteries?
Unlikely. the Act of Dissolution of Smaller Monasteries (1536) only shut small ones down. He praised larger ones, suggesting he did not intend on a complete dissolution, but Henry may have been persuaded by the amount of wealth seized
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What were the religious motives for the dissolution?
Behaviour of the monks; Exaggerated corruption and scandal; Upheld traditional religion
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What were the financial motives for the dissolution?
Henry had already spent his inheritance on a futile war with France, and financial security was increasingly important with the imminent threat of invasion following the break with Rome. It also eliminated the need for Parliamentary Tax.
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Name 3 Acts in 1536 that facilitated religious reform
Act of Dissolution of Smaller Monasteries; Act of 10 Articles; Royal Injunctions (attacked Catholic Pilgrimages)
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Who was Vicegerent?
Thomas Cromwell
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What was the cultural impact of the Dissolution?
Sale of cultural treasures; Vandalism of architectural heritage BUT some really were in a state of disrepair
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What was the local impact of the Dissolution?
Ruthless new landlords of monastic land introduced; Increasing poverty? (more likely due to rising population)
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What was the impact on the Crown?
Financial gain, but retained lands later sold off to fund a pointless war; Not much spiritual and educational reform
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Why was religion confusing?
Henry defended Cranmer, replaced Catholic litany with English litany and established a regency council (1546) with many Protestant supporters. However, he also passed the Act of the Six Articles (1539) which confirmed traditional Catholic doctrine
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Who did Henry marry in 1540?
Catherine Howard (until 1541)
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Why, towards Henry's later years, did reformists succeed?
Henry was too ill to write, and his will was unauthorised by using the dry stamp
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Who were the Humanists?

Back

A small group of believers who didn't want reformed doctrine, but did want to intellectual and moral standards of the clergy

Card 3

Front

Who were the Lollards?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Was the Church in need of reform?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Was the break with Rome a religious or political attack?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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