Henry VII Economy and society

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What are the 5 areas of society?
Nobility, gentry, Yeomen and Husbandmen, citizens, labourers
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The Gentry
.....
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By the late 1400's how had their role changed?
they were often great landowners in their own right and behaved similarly to nobility.
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How many Knights were there by in the 1490's? (most gentry sought knighthoods as confirmation for social status)
375
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What was dying out in Gentry role but what was increasing?
military obligations, JP's (police localities)
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Yeoman and Husbandmen
......
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What are Yeomen, what Shows that they were rich?
the middling sort who farmed substantial properties.Rich enough to afford labourers
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What are Husbandmen?
below yeoman on the social scale, kept smaller land and often had to also add to income by working for yeomen or gentry.
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What led to the emergence of the yeoman class also known as the 'peasant aristocracy'?
The Black Death (1348-9) reducing the decline for lad and causing land prices to drop
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Citizens
In the towns, the middling sort, comprised educated professionals, such as lawyers, and wealthy merchants.
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What percentage of English people lived in towns ?
10%
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Although this number was growing meaning what class were growing in strength?
Citizens
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Name 3 examples of Citizens becoming more influential
Could rise to town councils and local government, Henry relied on skilled lawyers, Henry looked to merchant companies for advice with trade
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Labourers
.......
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Who made up the majority of the population?
Labourers
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What were labourers emptied to do?
heavy back-breaking jobs on farms and in the craft shops.
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Name 2 types of labourers
rural and urban
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What were rural labourers (hours, pay)?
would be given the hardest jobs, work long hours, and receive low pay.
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Name 2 reasons why rural labours were moving to towns more
As above and enclosure
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What were Urban Labourers?
worked for shopkeepers or tradesmen, most commonly in the cloth trade but there were labourers in all industries.
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Give 3 examples of continuity in society
No major power shifts, nobles still the riches, despite JP's nobility retain local control
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Give 3 examples of change
merchants more rich and powerful (trade influence), increased role in the gentry, more people moving to towns
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Economy
......
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name what economy includes under Tudor England
Agriculture, industry, trade, price increases, wages, taxation, harvest failures, poverty and prosperity
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Background on society
.....
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Although Henry VII was interested in increasing in his own personal wealth what did he not have?
no 'economic policy.
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How many Acts did Parliament pass and what were they mostly about?
50, foreign trade
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What happened to prices and wages in the 1480's?
risen
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What prices declined in the 1490's?
well, grain and animal products
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What does this suggest about farming?
It was less profitable
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Overall, was Henry VII economy especially in comparison to other Tudors?
Yes
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Agriculture and economy
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What led to the emergence of the yeomen class because profits form land decreasing?
The Black Death
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This, what type of farming did many turn to in the 1480-1490's and why?
sheep farming, increased population and trade
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What was the most common type of farming in the east?
Mixed farming
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What led to many peasants becoming destitute?
Enclosure farming
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When was an anti-enclosure law was passed but it had little practical effect?
1489
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Industry and economy
......
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what were the 2 main industries in England?
Wool and Cloth
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How much trade did will and cloth account for?
90%
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name 3 other industries
mining tin, lead, and coal
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What were most industries like weaving or brewing?
Small scale craft
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However what is an exception ?
mining – but even this was still relatively small scale.
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Economy in terms of trade
......
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During Henrys reigh how much did cloth imports increase by?
60%
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what was responsible for 90% of English exports?
Cloth
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What does this show?
only 10% was not cloth as other industries failed to compete with European competitors.
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Why did Henry want to increase trade?
the tonnage and poundage would increase its own revenue
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Provide 4 peaches of evidence for prosperity and stability
Rise of yeomen farmer, rise of merchant class, prices overall steady, increase in cloth trade
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Provide 4 peaches of evict for poverty and instability
Failure of 1489 anti-enclosure law, trade embargoes with Burgundy, failure of navigation acts, 2 popular rebellions against tax
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

The Gentry

Back

.....

Card 3

Front

By the late 1400's how had their role changed?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

How many Knights were there by in the 1490's? (most gentry sought knighthoods as confirmation for social status)

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What was dying out in Gentry role but what was increasing?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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