Hazard Trends

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At a global scale, how has the number of deaths from tectonic hazards changed?
Decreased due to better prepared populations and international aid
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At a global scale, how have economic losses from tectonic hazards changed?
Increased as the global economy and wealth it greater now
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At a global scale, how has the number of affected by tectonic hazards changed?
Increased due to higher populations.
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How has the number of tectonic disasters changed over time?
Fluctuated, not an overall increase or decrease, despite being more technologically advanced, haven't stopped disaster occurring, just limiting impacts.
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How accurate is data on tectonic hazards?
Influenced by the amount of estimating that occurs (eg. how many did Iceland affect?), the exact number of deaths is often unknown (Haitian government exaggerating 160,000 to a least 230,000). Mega disasters skew data.
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How has the number of hydro-meteorological hazards changed?
Increased (as well as human induced disasters such as war caused famine). Otherwise, trends are the same for tectonics (less deaths/more affected/more damage).
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What is a tectonic mega-disaster?
Disasters which have significant impacts on a global scale.
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How was the 2010 Eyjafjallajokull eruption a mega-disaster?
Impacts on global supply chain. Nissan plant in Japan stopped production of some car models as they ran out of a critical sensor from Ireland (vital electronic component with few other suppliers). Perishable goods in Kenya and Zambia, lost US$65m.
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How was the 2011 Tohoku tsunami a mega-disaster?
Impacts on nuclear power. Japan's increased demand caused price increases for natural gas. Germany and Italy closed down reactors and abandoned plans for new ones, costs increased due to higher safety measures.
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What is a multiple hazard zone?
An area at risk from different types of hazard, such as volcanoes, earthquakes, storms, landslides, drought etc.
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Name and describe a multiple hazard zone.
The Philippines - emerging country, over 7000 mountainous islands, GDP/capita of US$7,000
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What hazards do the Philippines face?
Volcanoes (47 total, 22 active, 30% within 30km), earthquakes, tsunamis (Pacific Ocean), typhoons (15/year, strong winds and heavy rainfall), landslides (deforestation, steep slopes, high rainfall), monsoons (heavy annual rains)
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Why are the Philippines vulnerable?
25% live in poverty. Majority live in coastal (sea surges/flooding/tsunamis) or mountainous (landslides/volcanoes) areas. Rapidly developing. High population density. Rapid urbanisation (over 1m live in capital of Manila).
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What occurred in 2013/14 in the Philippines?
October 2013 - earthquake, 200 died. November 2013 - Typhoon Haiyan, 6,000 died. January 2014 - flooding, 60 died.
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Card 2

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At a global scale, how have economic losses from tectonic hazards changed?

Back

Increased as the global economy and wealth it greater now

Card 3

Front

At a global scale, how has the number of affected by tectonic hazards changed?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

How has the number of tectonic disasters changed over time?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

How accurate is data on tectonic hazards?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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