Geography Term 1

?
Natural Hazard
A process which has the potential of causing desth, injury or disruption to people, or damge to property.
1 of 56
Natural Disaster
A natural hazard that has already happened.
2 of 56
Natural Event
Extreme events where people and property are not threatened.
3 of 56
Tectonic Hazard
An event occurring due to movement or deformation of the earth's crust with the potential to cause damage to property and loss of life. Examples include earthquakes, volcanic hazards and tsunamis.
4 of 56
Atmospheric Hazard
Include hazards that are caused by the air and weather e.g.tsunamis and drought.
5 of 56
Geomorphological hazard
Hazards that occur on the Earth's surface such as flooding.
6 of 56
Biological hazard
Hazards that involve living organisms such as forest fires.
7 of 56
Asthenosphere
The upper layer of the earth's mantle, below the lithosphere, in which there is relatively low resistance to plastic flow and convection is thought to occur.
8 of 56
Mantle
The interior of the Earth between the core and the crust.
9 of 56
Magma
Hot fluid or semi-fluid material below or within the earth's crust from which lava and other igneous rock is formed on cooling.
10 of 56
Core
Earth's core is the very hot, very dense center of our planet.
11 of 56
Oceanic Crust
More dense but much thinner crust which is found under oceans. It's very thin.
12 of 56
Earthquake
An earthquake is a sudden and violent movement within the Earth's crust followed by a series of shocks.
13 of 56
Epicentre
The point directly above the focus on the surface where an earthquake energy is strongest.
14 of 56
Focus
The point deep underground where rock gives way and pressure is released.
15 of 56
Seismometer
Waves of energy released by an earthquake.
16 of 56
Tropical Storm
An area of low pressure with winds moving in a spiral around the calm central point called the 'eye of the storm' called the 'eye' of the storm. Winds are powerful and rainfall is heavy e.g. urricane, typhoon, cyclone.
17 of 56
Coriolis Effect
The coriolis effect thus tries to force winds to shift towards the right or left. The coriolis effect can at times cause winds to blow back up the pressure gradient.
18 of 56
Eye of the Storm
The eye is a region of mostly calm weather at the center of strong tropical cyclones.
19 of 56
Eye Wall
The Eye Wall a hurricane's most devastating region. Located just outside of the eye is the eye wall.
20 of 56
Storm Surge
A rising of the sea as a result of wind and atmospheric pressure changes associated with a storm.
21 of 56
Saffir-Simpson Scale
The magnitude of a tropical cyclone is measured using this.
22 of 56
Hurricane
Occurs in the USA and the Carribean.
23 of 56
Cyclone
Occurs in South-East Asia and Australia.
24 of 56
Typhoon
Occurs in Japan and the Phillipines.
25 of 56
Weather
The state of the atmosphere at a particular place and time as regards heat, cloudiness, dryness, sunshine, wind, rain, etc.
26 of 56
Climate
The weather conditions prevailing in an area in general or over a long period.
27 of 56
Extreme Weather
Extreme weather includes unexpectable, unusual, unpredictable severe or unseasonal weather.
28 of 56
Glacial
A glacial period.
29 of 56
Inter Glacial
Relating to a period of milder climate between two glacial periods.
30 of 56
Thermal Expansion
Thermal expansion is the tendency of matter to change in shape, area, and volume in response to a change in temperature, through heat transfer.
31 of 56
Ice Cores
An ice core is a core sample that is typically removed from an ice sheet, most commonly from the polar ice caps of Antarctica, Greenland or from high mountain glaciers elsewhere.
32 of 56
Axial Tilt
The angle between an object's rotational axis and its orbital axis, or, equivalently, the angle between its equatorial plane and orbital plane.
33 of 56
Precession
The slow movement of the axis of a spinning body around another axis due to a torque (such as gravitational influence) acting to change the direction of the first axis.
34 of 56
Sunspot
A sunspot is a dark patch that appears from time to time on the surface of the Sun.
35 of 56
Albedo
Albedo is the fraction of solar energy (shortwave radiation) reflected from the Earth back into space.
36 of 56
Greenhouse Effect
The trapping of the sun's warmth in a planet's lower atmosphere, due to the greater transparency of the atmosphere to visible radiation from the sun than to infrared radiation emitted from the planet's surface.
37 of 56
Deforestation
Deforestation is the clearing of trees, transforming a forest into cleared land.
38 of 56
Drought
A prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall, leading to a shortage of water.
39 of 56
Convection Currents
A current in a fluid that results from convection. Heat from the core causes convection currents in the mantle. These currents slowly move the crust around.
40 of 56
Ridge Push
Gravitational force that causes a plate to move away from the crest of an ocean ridge, and into a subduction zone.
41 of 56
Slab Pull
It is created by the motion of one tectonic plate as it moves beneath another.
42 of 56
Continental Crust
The relatively thick part of the earth's crust which forms the large land masses. It is generally older and more complex than the oceanic crust.
43 of 56
Constructive Boundary
Occurs when plates move apart. Volcanoes are formed as magma wells up to fill the gap, and eventually new crust is formed.
44 of 56
Ocean Ridge
Any of several seismically active submarine mountain ranges that extend through the Atlantic, Indian, and South Pacific oceans: each is hypothesized to be the locus of seafloor spreading.
45 of 56
Rift valley
A valley with steep sides; formed by a rift in the earth''s crust
46 of 56
Shield Volcano
Shield volcanoes are usually found at constructive or tensional boundaries. They are low, with gently sloping sides. They are formed by eruptions of thin, runny lava. Eruptions tend to be frequent but relatively gentle. Composite volcanoes
47 of 56
Destructive Boundary
This occurs when oceanic and continental plates move together. The oceanic plate is forced under the lighter continental plate.
48 of 56
Collision Boundary
When two continental plates collide. Neither plate is forced under the other, and so both are forced up and form fold mountains.
49 of 56
Fold Mountains
Formed when two plates run into each other or collide.
50 of 56
Subduction
A geological process in which one edge of a crustal plate is forced sideways and downward into the mantle below another plate.
51 of 56
Conservative boundary
Occurs where plates slide past each other in opposite directions
52 of 56
Eccentricity
A measure of how an orbit deviates from circular.
53 of 56
High Pressure
Cold air sinks creating an area of ...
54 of 56
Low Pressure
Warm air rises creating an area of ...
55 of 56
Hadley cell
Anti-clockwise 30 degrees
56 of 56

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

A natural hazard that has already happened.

Back

Natural Disaster

Card 3

Front

Extreme events where people and property are not threatened.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

An event occurring due to movement or deformation of the earth's crust with the potential to cause damage to property and loss of life. Examples include earthquakes, volcanic hazards and tsunamis.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Include hazards that are caused by the air and weather e.g.tsunamis and drought.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Geography resources:

See all Geography resources »See all Weather and climate resources »