geography global hazards

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what is the global circulation system?
the circulation of winds at different latitudes
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what are the 3 different types of wind cell called?
The Hadley cell, Ferrel cell and the Polar cell
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describe the features of the polar region
Located 60 to 90 degrees north and south, the falling air creates high pressure, dry icy winds, clear skies & 165mm of rainfall annually
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describe the features of temperate regions
located 50 to 60 degrees north and south, rising air creates low pressure, moderate temperatures between 10 to 20 degrees, cloudy with 800mm rainfall anually
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describe the features of tropical regions
located 0 to 30 degrees north and south, rising air creates low pressure, its hot all year at 30 degrees, its cloudy with heavy rain at 2250mm annually and thunderstorms
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describe the features of arid (sub tropical region)
located 30 degrees north and south, falling air creates high pressure, with dry air and no clouds, warm days at 40 degrees plus and cold nights below freezing
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what is a drought?
a drought is a long period when rainfall is well below average
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what is El Nino?
this is a phenomena that occurs in the pacific ocean between oceania and south america
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what is the difference between an El Nino year and an El Nina year?
during el nino the trade winds weaken and the high precipitation occurs over america and oceania suffers drought, and an el nina year is the opposite
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what are the 5 different plate boundaries and anomalies
constructive, destructive, hot spot, collision and conservative
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list responses to typhoon Haiyan
limited resources, people forced to fend for themselves, british bought over 300 tonnes of rice, "save the children" charity helped, rebuilding schools, hospitals, houses, roads etc, replanting of food and improved sea protections
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what is the earth made up of?
the inner core, outer core, mantle and crust
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what are our 3 main case studies?
typhoon haiyan, the haiti eq and the uk heatwave
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what is a heatwave?
a period of abnormally hot prolonged weather
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what were the causes of the uk 2003 heatwave?
high pressure, a large bend north in the jet stream allowing heat from the equator to rise up and no clouds from falling air
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what causes a tropical storm?
movement in the air near the surface of the water, temps need to cool quickly enough for tall clouds to form through condensation
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where are tropical storms found?
between 20 and 50 degrees latitude on the world map
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have tropical storms become more frequent over time?
yes because the tropics are becoming hotter from global warming
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what extreme weather events are associated with tropical storms?
extreme high precipitation and extremely strong winds
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what is the inner core?
the hottest part of the earth at 6000 degrees, solid metal layer mostly iron and nickel, 5500 km deep
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what is the outer core?
3000 to 5250km deep, temps very hot at 4000 to 5800 degrees, liquid metal layer
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what is the mantle?
the thickest layer, a hot dense liquid rock layer (molten)
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how do tectonic plates move?
magma from the mantle is heated and rises, this cools and flows outward to cool again, a convection current moves the plates
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what is the crust?
a solid rocky shell, made up of fragmented tectonic plates, between 10km to 100km thick, 2 types, oceanic (more dense) and cotinental (less dense)
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what 2 types of volcano are there?
composite and shield volcanoes
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describe the features of a composite volcano
layers of ash and lava build up, very steep
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describe the features of a shield volcano
created by hotspots and constant flowing magma, very flat
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list economic consequences of typhoon haiyan
total cost was 2,86 billion dollars, loss of farming was 85 million dollars, export earnings disrupted
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list social consequences of typhoon haiyan
90% of houses in Tacloban destroyed, 11.5 million people affected, lack of access to medical care, diseases like typhoid spreads, 670,000 made homeless, 6,300 died in storm surge
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list environmental consequences of typhoon haiyan
flooding, storm surge eroded land, contaminated soils with sea salt, habitats are destroyed.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

what are the 3 different types of wind cell called?

Back

The Hadley cell, Ferrel cell and the Polar cell

Card 3

Front

describe the features of the polar region

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

describe the features of temperate regions

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

describe the features of tropical regions

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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