it is where genetic information from two organisms is combined to produce offspring
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what is a gamete
it is a cell that only has half the number of chromosomes of normal cells (haploid)
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what is a zygote
it is when a male and female gamete fuse together to create a diploid
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what are the stages of mitosis
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
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what happens in prophase
The DNA in chromosomes and their copies condenses to become more visible. The membrane around the nucleus disappears.
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what happens in metaphase
Chromosomes and their copies line up in the middle of the cell.
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what happens in anaphase
Chromosomes and their copies are pulled to different ends of the cell.
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what happens in telophase
New membranes form around the chromosomes at each end of the cell.
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what happens in meiosis
As a cell divides to form gametes: copies of the genetic information are made. the cell divides twice to form four gametes, each with a single set of chromosomes. all gametes are genetically different from each other.
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what are the 4 bases in dna
Adenine, thymine, cytosine and guanine
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what are the complementary pairs of bases
guanine and cytosine/adenine and thymine
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how do you extract dna from fruit cells
Peel the skin from half a kiwi fruit and mash it up
Mix a teaspoon of salt and small volume of washing up liquid into the fruit
Gently heat this mixture at about 60°C for five minutes
Filter the mixture and retain only the filtrate (the filtered liquid)
C
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what is dna stored as
chromosomes
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where are chromosomes found
the nucleus in the eukaryotic cells
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what is an allele
it is a different variation of the same gene
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what is a genotype
it is a combination of alleles
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how can you work out the inheritance of a single characteristic
genetic diagrams
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what is variation
Difference between individuals
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
what is a gamete
Back
it is a cell that only has half the number of chromosomes of normal cells (haploid)
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