Gender Theorists

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  • Created by: Elisha01
  • Created on: 13-03-20 14:35
Robin Lakoff
Her work proposes that language used by women is often distinctive, and can be distinguished from that of men, including: Apologising more: “I’m sorry, but I think that…” Using super-polite forms: “Would you mind…” “Is it okay if…?” Indirect requests
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Robin Lakoff
Lakoff’s claims: Use question intonation in declarative statements: women make declarative statements into questions by raising the pitch of their voice at the end of a statement, expressing uncertainty. Speak more quietly than men and tend to use th
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Deborah Tannen
The Difference Model follows the idea that in language men are fundamentally different from women. This is due to our childhoods - the way we were raised. Words of emotion are generally used for little girls. Verbs and words of action are used for b
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Deborah Tannen
Differences in male/female language: Status vs. support - men see language as a means of asserting dominance; women see it as a way of confirming/supporting ideas. Independence vs. intimacy - men "go it alone"; women seek support. Advice vs. understa
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Jennifer Coates
Her theory states that different styles of speaking are developed by men and women as children due to their social interaction with friendship groups. Boys and girls tend to stick to their same-sex groups as children. Her studies showed that girls ge
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Jennifer Coates
Coates builds on Deborah Tannen’s work often: She looks at tag questions, building on Robin Lakoff’s work from 1975 and looks in detail into some of the ideas that Lakoff originated. Men will often reject a topic of conversation introduced by women
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Zimmerman and West
Carried out an investigation on 31 conversations in a coffee shop between people of the same gender and people of the opposite gender. They found that: Men would use minimal response and violated rules of turn taking. Whereas women were known to co
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Paul Baker - Corpus Linguistics
Text-corpus method: a digestive approach that derives a set of abstract rules that govern a natural language from texts in that language Explores how that language relates to other languages.
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Paul Baker - Polari
A form of theatrical slang incorporating Italianate words, rhyming slang, and Romany, used especially by homosexuals. Until 1967, homosexual sex was illegal in England and Wales. Gay men used Polari to avoid imprisonment. Had sprung up in t
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O’Barr and Atkins
tudied: The use of language in the courtroom to test if Lakoff’s ideas fit the specific context. Found that any features Lakoff specified to be said or done by women was used by both genders whenever they were in a powerless situation. O’Barr and
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Dale Spender
Claims that language use suggests in itself male power. Therefore: It’s very difficult to challenge the patriarchal system because the way we view the world further reinforces this male power. She believes that we need to change the way we view lang
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Dale Spencer
Man made language: In patriarchal societies men control language and it works in their favour. Disobedient women in a patriarchal society: They are labelled as abnormal and unstable. The links between a sexist and racist society: Spender draws parall
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Deborah Cameron
She challenges “the idea that sex-differences might have biological rather than social causes”. She concludes that we have an “urgent need” to think about gender in more complex ways than the commonly held stereotypes.
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Card 2

Front

Robin Lakoff

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Lakoff’s claims: Use question intonation in declarative statements: women make declarative statements into questions by raising the pitch of their voice at the end of a statement, expressing uncertainty. Speak more quietly than men and tend to use th

Card 3

Front

Deborah Tannen

Back

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Card 4

Front

Deborah Tannen

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Jennifer Coates

Back

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