GCSE Geography - Urban Issues and Challenges key terms 0.0 / 5 ? GeographyUrban Issues and ChallengesGCSEAQA Created by: nickifinestCreated on: 01-04-19 14:06 Brownfield site Land that has been used, abandoned and now awaits reuse; often found in urban areas 1 of 20 Dereliction Abandoned buildings and wasteland 2 of 20 Economic opportunities Chances for people to improve their standard of living through employment. 3 of 20 Formal economy The type of employment where people work to receive a regular wage, pay tax, and have certain rights, i.e. paid holidays, sickness leave 4 of 20 Greenfield site A plot of land, often in a rural or on the edge of an urban area that has not been built on before 5 of 20 Inequalities Differences between poverty and wealth, as well as wellbeing and access to jobs, housing, education, etc 6 of 20 Informal economy Employment outside the official knowledge of the government 7 of 20 Migration When people move from one area to another; in many LICs people move from rural to urban areas 8 of 20 Natural increase Birth rate minus the death rate of a population 9 of 20 Pollution Chemicals, noise, dirt or other substances which have harmful or poisonous effects on an environment 10 of 20 Renewable energy resources A resource that cannot be exhausted, i.e. wind, solar and tidal energy 11 of 20 Rural-urban fringe A zone of transition between a built-up area and the countryside, where there is often competition for land use 12 of 20 Rural-urban migration The movement of people from the countryside into towns and cities 13 of 20 Social deprivation The extent an individual or an area lacks services, decent housing, adequate income and employment 14 of 20 Solar energy Sun’s energy exploited by solar panels, collectors or cells to heat water or air to generate electricity 15 of 20 Squatter settlements An area of (often illegal) poor-quality housing, lacking in services like water supply, sewerage and electricity 16 of 20 Sustainability Actions that meet the needs of the present without reducing the ability of future generations to meet their needs 17 of 20 Sustainable energy supply Energy that can potentially be used well into the future without harming future generations 18 of 20 Urbanisation When an increasing percentage of a country’s population comes to live in towns and cities 19 of 20 Urban regeneration Reversing the urban decline by modernising ot redeveloping, aiming to improve the local economy 20 of 20
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