G485 Fields, Particles & Frontiers of Physics definitions

All of the definitions that you are required to know for G485 paper according to the OCR specification.

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  • Created by: Becky0295
  • Created on: 19-03-13 20:23
Electric field strength
Force per unit POSITIVE charge (NC-1)
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Magnetic flux density
A measure of the strength of the magnetic field. (Tesla)
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Tesla
The magnetic flux density that will produce a force of 1 N on 1 m of wire carrying a current of 1 A perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field.
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Magnetic flux
The produce of magnetic flux density and the area at right angles to the flux. (Wb)
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Weber
1 Wb is the flux when a magnetic flux density of 1 T passes through an area of 1m2 at right angles
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Magnetic flux linkage
The product of magnetic flux and the number of turns on the coil it passes through. (Weber turns)
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Faraday's Law
The magnitude of the induced e.m.f is equal to the rate of change of flux linkage.
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Lenz's Law
The direction of any induced current is in a direction that opposes the flux change that causes it.
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Capacitance
The charge stored per unit potential difference (F)
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Farad
1 F is 1 C of charge stored per volt.
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Time constant of a circuit
Time taken for the charge remaining on a capacitor to fall to 1/e of its original value.
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Proton number
The number of protons inside a certain nucleus. AKA the atomic number
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Nucleon number
The number of neutrons added to the number of protons inside a certain nucleus. AKA mass number
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Isotope
Nuclides with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
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Activity constant (A)
The number of radioactive decays per unit time. (Bq)
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Decay constant
The probability of radioactive decay.
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Half-life
The average time-taken for the activity of a radioactive source to decrease to one half of its original value.
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Binding energy
The energy required to separate an atom into its component parts.
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Binding energy per nucleon
The average energy required to remove a nucleon from the nucleus.
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Intensity
The energy incident per square meter of a surface per second.
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Astronomical Units
The average distance from the Earth to the Sun. 1 AU = 1.496x10(11) m
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Parsecs
A unit of distance originating from triangulation methods applied to space. 1 Pc = 3.086x10(16) m
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Light-years
The distance light travels in a year through a vacuum. 1 ly = 9.461 x10(15) m
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Olber's Paradox
With an infinite number of stars in an infinite universe, no matter what direction you look you will always see a star along your line of sight. Therefore the night sky will be as bright as the day sky.
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Cosmological Principle
On a large scale the universe is uniform (ie. is the same in all directions and of uniform density, provided a large enough volume is considered).
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Hubble's Law
The speed of recession of a galaxy is directly proportional to its distance from the Earth.
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Critical density
The density for which the universe will expand towards a finite limit or rate of expansion tends to zero which results in a flat universe.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

A measure of the strength of the magnetic field. (Tesla)

Back

Magnetic flux density

Card 3

Front

The magnetic flux density that will produce a force of 1 N on 1 m of wire carrying a current of 1 A perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

The produce of magnetic flux density and the area at right angles to the flux. (Wb)

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

1 Wb is the flux when a magnetic flux density of 1 T passes through an area of 1m2 at right angles

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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