FUNCTIONALISM & SUBCULTURAL THEORIES

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  • Created by: Sam
  • Created on: 19-11-14 15:47
Functionalists aim to maintain what?
Social order
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Parsons: there are 2 types of agents of social control. These are:
Formal and informal
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Durkheim believes that society needs a what?
Common history (social solidarity)
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Parsons: goal attainment means that we all...
share the same goals
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Durkheim says that 'crime is normal and an integral part of all healthy societies' as it...
Re-establishes boundaries, tracks social change and creates social solidarity
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Polsky & Davis say that minor crimes can prevent more serious crimes, by acting as a...
Safety valve
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Marxists criticise functionalist views for not having a march of progress viewpoint. Also, Marxists say that socialisation teaches about...
The ruling class' ideology
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Merton's strain theory suggests that deviance...
Occurs when people are unable to achieve socially approved goals by legitimate means.
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Cicourel criticises Merton, because...
The official stats used by Merton exaggerate w/c crime, as the w/c do experience the most strain, yet they don't all deviate.
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Subcultural theorists - Cloward & Ohlin created 3 responses to why w/c members deviate in different ways. These were:
Criminal, conflict and retreatist subcultures
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The Kray Twins are a modern example of...
A criminal subculture
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Burke criticises Cloward & Ohlin, as their subcultures are...
Outdated and only based in Chicago
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Cohen: formed the idea that criminal subcultures invert the values of mainstream society (what society condemns, they praise). This was known as the...
Alternative status hierarchy
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A criticism of Cohen is that he doens't acknowledge that...
Some youths may have always wanted to deviate, rather than changing from being normal.
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Murray: the generosity of welfare state has led to more l.p.fs and unemployed men, leading to the rise of the what?
Underclass
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Tham: criticises Murray, as he found that Sweden also had welfare benefits - but in Sweden there was:
Less unemployment, less inequality and less inprisonment (even though Swedish benefits were higher)
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Parsons: there are 2 types of agents of social control. These are:

Back

Formal and informal

Card 3

Front

Durkheim believes that society needs a what?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Parsons: goal attainment means that we all...

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Durkheim says that 'crime is normal and an integral part of all healthy societies' as it...

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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