An ion is an electrically charged atom or group of atoms formed by the loss or gain of an electron.
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Why do atoms lose or gain electrons?
To gain full outer shells which is a more stable arrangement of electrons.
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What is the ionisation of metals?
All metals can lose electrons to other atoms to become positively charged ions?
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What are positively charged ions called?
Cations.
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What is the ionisation of non-metals?
All non-metals can gain electrons from other atoms to become negatively charged.
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What are negatively charged ions called?
Anions.
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When are ionic compounds formed?
When metal atoms react with non-metal atoms.
Metal atoms lose outer shell electrons which the non-metals gain to form positive and negative ions.
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How are the positive and negative ions held togehter?
By strong electrostatic forces of attraction by opposite charges.
The force of attraction is also known as ionic bonds.
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What are dot and cross diagrams?
Are diagrams that show the arrangement of outer shell electrons in an ionic or covalent compounds or elements.
The electrons are shown as dots and crosses.
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What does a dot cross diagram show?
-Show only the outer electrons.
-The charge of the ion is spread evenly which is shown by using brackets.
-The charge on each ion is written at the top right corner.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Why do atoms lose or gain electrons?
Back
To gain full outer shells which is a more stable arrangement of electrons.
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