Failure/Success of Dieting

1. Crockett et al. (2)

a number of genetic codes exert an influence on weight. Lipoprotien lipase helps to store calories as fat and Kern et al (1990) found that LPL levels rose after weight loss and the fatter to begin with, the higher the levels.
were able to identify regions of the brain that play a role in willpower and precommitment. Found the PCM activates frontopolar cortex (future thinking) and increases communiaction with the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (willpower).
Gave 135 people jelly beans one at a time, as each bean was given they saw info. on a computer screen. Half saw general info, half saw detailed info. Ppts got bored faster if they saw general info. and enjoyed the task more if they were given details

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found that healthy eating programmes which take on the theory led to improved self-esteem, improved eating behaviour and greater weight stability.
recruited male volunteers and gave them choices: a small reward immediately, or a larger reward after a delay. For some choices there was an option to precommit to resisting temptation. Found that precommitment was better self control strategy.
found that precommitment activates the frontpolar cortex, a region of the brain associated with future thinking. Failure or success may have something to do with biology

reported that people who restrain thier eating show both undereating and overeating, causing weight to fluctuate. Actual weight loss is limited by overeating that follows restraint
assigned 27 obese women to one of 3 groups (diet/exercise/control). They assessed food intake and appetite and found that women in the diet group ate more.
found that hunger keeps food intake below a certain minimum, and saiety keeps intake below some maximum level. Dieters have a larger range between hunger and saiety. This means that it takes them longer to feel hungry but longer to feel full

restraint alone has shown to be ineffective, but very effective when combined with precommitment. This could be developed into a treatment for being with obesity, helping them to reduce thier weight effectively.
as the research into failure/success has been inconclusive, researchers cannot develop a reliable treatment for those with obesity.
research has shown that they key to a successful diet is attention to detail when eating. This means that they can adapt it to create a treatment for obese patients, getting them to foucs on exactly what they're eating (texture, colour, density etc.)

points out that the behaviour of restricting anorexics cannot be explained using this theory. If restriction of diet results in overeating, how do anorexics manage to starve themselves?
found that hunger keeps food intake below a certain minimum, and saiety keeps intake below some maximum level. Dieters have a larger range between hunger and saiety. This means that it takes them longer to feel hungry but longer to feel full
assigned 27 obese women to one of 3 groups (diet/exercise/control). They assessed food intake and appetite and found that women in the diet group ate more.