exam material psych 2

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  • Created by: t3ss.ts
  • Created on: 29-04-21 19:21
arrangment of maslows hierachy of needs
physiological, safety, love/belongingness, self-esteem and self actualisation
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why do genotypes not reveal if someone has a partially inherited disease such as Alzheimer
genotype is only there genetic makeup but the phenotype is the way the genes are expressed. so genotypes are influenced by environmental factors.
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what are the 4 mediational procresses
attention, retention, motor reproduction and motivation
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attention
the extent we notice a behaviour
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retention
the extent of how well a behaviour is remembered
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motor reproduction
ability to perform the behaviour that the model demonstrates
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motivation
the will to perform behaviour that the model demonstrates
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another important process in mediational processes?

-what is this?
identification
-people are more likely to imitate a behaviour of someone they identify with eg. role models
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vicarious reinforcement
reinforcement observed by someone else
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1 reason why schemas are useful `
in unfamiliar situations which have expectations on how we should behaviour means it
helps is process lots of information
-prevents becoming overwhelmed but stimuli
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reason why schemas are not useful
means it may exclude information which doesn't conform to prior expectations meaning we may stereotype and this is hard to change.
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defence mechanisms- displacement
redirect strong emotions onto something else such as an imamate object rather than the cause
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denial
rejection of thought and feeling
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-repression
-projection
-threating memory's pushed to unconitious
-socially inacceptable feeling to someone else
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which way of studying the brain is most accurate for identify specific areas activated during a cognitive task?
fMRI
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damage to broca's area and motor cortex
-broca aphasia = slow and inarticulate speech
-motor cortex = problems on the right side of her body
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which areas of the brain are responsible for ...
-sensations
-colour and shape
-pitch n volume
-voluntary movements
-somatic lobe (back top)
-occipital (back bottom)
-temporal (bottom middle)
-parental (front top)
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one way of studying the brain
post mortem
-dissecting brain so physically look at internal structures
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evaluate post mortem
strength- provides evidence for vital processes such as Brocas and Wernicke's area.
weakness- causation is an issue as determining abnormalities of the brain is the cause of result.
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another way of studying the brain
bio
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difference between autonomic nervous system and somatic nervous system
autonomic- controls internal organs and glands
somatic- controls muscle movements
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difference between autonomic nervous system and somatic nervous system
autonomic- controls internal organs and glands
somatic- controls muscle movements
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why is fight or flight response not useful in a driving test situation
causes adrenaline to be released in the adrenal medulla causing body to sweat and faster heart and breathing rate. off-putting
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what would fight or flight response cause in the driving test situation
quick reactions to either fight or runaway but neither is helpful as would cause an indivual to fail
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difference between infradian rhythms and ultradian rhythms
-infradium rhythms are month eg. mensural cycle
-ultradian are less than 24 hours eg. sleeping cycle
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split brain research
hi
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evaluate it
hi
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bio
bio
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ehtnocentrism
woof
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issues and debates
issues and debates
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examples of ethnocentrism
-choosing the carry out research with people from your own country rather than others
-treating people from a country the same way as you would with other countries
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two ways to reduce cultural bias
-carry out emic study
-native psychologist
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what stages has jonnie got unsolved conflicts in?
-choosing the carry out research with people from your own country rather than others
-treating people from a country the same way as you would with other countries
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biological reductionism
-carry out emic study
-native psychologist
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what stages has jonnie got unsolved conflicts in?
- oral
-anal
-genital
-latent
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negative of nomothetic approach
doesn't look at the whole person as fixed around quotative data and analysis so only superficial understanding of behaviour
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schizophrenia
producing general laws of human behaviour
based around large groups of people, using stats techniques
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negative of nomothetic approach
doesn't look at the whole person as fixed around quotative data and analysis so only superficial understanding of behaviour
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what does token ecomony do
promote acceptable behaviour
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how does cognitive behavioural therapy treat symptoms of schizophrenia
they will have recognise the delusional thinking and will receive help on how to avoid acting on the thoughts.
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CBT wont 't get rid of symptoms but will...
equip patients to cope with them
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what else does CBT aim to do ?
identify and alter irrational thinking
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what model will also be used in CBT?
why?
Ellis rational behaviour therapy
-ABCDE model
activating event, beliefs, consequences, dispute and effect
-challenge irrational thoughts
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2x family dysfunction as an explanation for schizophrenia
double-bind theory
schizophrenogenic mother
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explain the double bind theory
children who receive contradictory messages from parents are more likely to develop schizophrenia
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what does prolonged exposure to contradictory messages cause?
children to not have a coherent construction of reality and this manifests itself as schizophrenia
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what does the schizophrenogenic mother explanation believe?
when a child is reared by a cold, dominant mother who is overprotecting but rejecting. this will confuse the child as the mother is overprotective but has a rejecting nature.
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limitation of the double bind theory
hi
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limitation of the schizophrenogenic mother
woof
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research methods
research methods
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piolet study
small trial verisions of a propised study to test effectiveness and make improvements
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why are piolet studys conducted
to identify potential issues before the actual investigation
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what is qualitative data
data that is non-numerical
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strength of using qualitative data
can help researcher gauge a deeper
understanding to certain topics in study
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how does a content analysis conducted
-4 steps
1- identify important categories
2- example of possible categories
3- work through transcribed conversations
4- count number of occurrence of each categoires
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operationlised varibale
state the DV which is being measures and the IV manipulation
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histrogram not opperiate for displaying data
histograms require continuous data
so with 2 separate conditions that cannot occur
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when is a t-test appropriate ?
-difference in 2 sets of data
-interval data
-repeated measures design
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type II error
real-difference in data is overlooked as its accepted as non-significant. Null Hypothesis error eg. false negative
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5% level of significance in their reseach
used as a balance between type I and
type II errors
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not used in peer review
hi
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wju should there be a referncing section in scientific reports
hi
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how to write a hyptothesis
hi
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caluating s value in a studt
huu
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high concurrent validity meaning
boo
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Card 2

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why do genotypes not reveal if someone has a partially inherited disease such as Alzheimer

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genotype is only there genetic makeup but the phenotype is the way the genes are expressed. so genotypes are influenced by environmental factors.

Card 3

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what are the 4 mediational procresses

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

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attention

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Card 5

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retention

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