SCHIZOPHRENIA - The Interactionist Approach to Schizophrenia
- Created by: EmilyEther
- Created on: 01-03-19 15:13
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- The Interactionist of schizophrenia
- Diathesis-Stress Model
- 1. some people have psych / genetic vulnerability to have sch
- they will not necessarily develop sch if they have a vulnerability
- 2. they will need to have environmental stressor if they are already vulnerable
- sch mainly develops in late adol / early adult
- theory fits -> time is for a lot of potential stressors
- exams
- relationships
- moving out
- addiction
- first job
- theory fits -> time is for a lot of potential stressors
- combination treatments, drug and CBT
- 1. some people have psych / genetic vulnerability to have sch
- Research
- TIENARI - looked at influence of genetics and family culture (see other resource for more details)
- VARESE - if children suffered trauma before 16, 3 times more likely to develop schiz in later life. The more severe the trauma = greater risk
- VASSOS - meta-analysis. 2.37 more likely to develop schiz in an urban area, but not sure why (living conditions, more stressors)
- Evaluation (A03) of explanation
- says schiz is caused by couple of major factors, so theory is better in 2 ways:
- less simplistic & reductive than purely bio/psych theory.
- less deterministic compared to bio / psych explanation
- most accepted and treatment is most popular
- WALKER - cortisol levsl higher immediately before onset of schiz rather than during recovery. Cortisol = trigger
- causes may diff between individs - bio, environmental, psych and social factors
- diff pos / neg environments in/decrease rick of developing if have bio vulnerability
- genes do not determine outcome alone - need stressors to trigger
- urban environment not necessarily more stressful.
- ROMANS - CLOCKSON (1990) - found no urban-rural diffs in mental health among women in New Zealand.
- says schiz is caused by couple of major factors, so theory is better in 2 ways:
- Evaluation (A03) of treatment
- combination behavioural & cognitive therapies - effective
- increased cost of treatment, but cost effective long term
- combined treat - addresses both parts
- patients having CBT sometimes have side effects of simultaneous drug treatment (delusions) increasing distrust of further treatment
- implications for treatment - BORGUM found women infected with cytomegalovirus during preg where more likely to have a child to develop schiz but only if they both carried a gene defect. Anti-viral meds may stop this onset
- Diathesis-Stress Model
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