evolutionary explanations of attractiveness

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  • Created by: mc8g19
  • Created on: 18-02-20 14:47
what is natural selection
members of a species compete for access of resources and avoid danger
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what is darwins theory of sexual selection
1971, based on who is best looking or smartest. costly signalling is when you are sexually signalled must be costly for survival
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what is lycett and dunbars theory of sexual selection
2000, an observational study showed that when watched and recorded, men placed phones on table and a display of wealth
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what is Griskenikus theory of sexual selection
2007, an experimental study that primed men in a mating context, by suggesting that men should date women in pictures, were more likely to be costly if they were told they should date women in pictures.
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what is intra-sexual selection
this is within sex, where members compete for mates of opposite sex. in humans characteristics that make a male more successful to fight mostly based on male competitive.
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what is inter-sexual selection
this is between sex, this occours when members of one sex, often females, prefer members of the opposite sex based on qualities they find desirable. this means its based on female choosiness
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what did widerman, 1993 find
showed that men seek physically attractive women whereas women seek financially stable and useful. women describe themselves in terms of looks, men in terms of asserts.
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what are similarities in sexual behaviour in males and females
both have short term relationships, both form lasting relationships, both fall in and out of love and experience sexual jealousy
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what are the differences in sexual behaviour - the demand of sexual variety
men seek greater number of sexual partners. Buss and Schmidt, 1993 - 75 men and 73 women, asked how many partners they would like, men said 18, women said 4-5.
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what are the differences in sexual behaviour - tendency to engage in casual sex
on balance men are more likely to have one night stands than women. Clark and Hatfeild, 1989 - attractive male and female strangers approached particpants and said different things. for date, 50% men, 50% women. but for sex, 75% men, 0% women.
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what are the differences in sexual behaviour - differences in sexual jealousy
Buss, 1992 - male and females asked to imagine current partner a) sex someone else or b) love someone else. suggested that what distressed men most = sex 60%, not emo 40%. what upset women most = emo 85%, sex 15%.
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why is there differences in sexual behaviour?
paternity uncertainty = women engage in loads of sex means man has to raise other kids. hyperventilate in men = guard against signs of a mans sexual infedelity. hyperventilate in women = guard against males emotional infidelity.
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what is parental investment theory
any investment by the parent is an individual offspring that increases offsprings chance of survival"
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what is Trivens, 1972
the sex who invested the most should be more choosy, but the one that invested less should compete with others. e.g King of Morroco had 888 children, means they have way more sperm than women have eggs.
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what is the evaluation of parental investment theory
explains why we see men engage in more short term relationships, suggests men dont desire long term, ignores evidence of women wanting short term relationships, little about homosexual relationships.
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what is sexual strategies theory
proposed by Buss and Schmidt, 1993. extension of parental investment theory. suggests human mating is strategic. rather than men and women committing to sexual things, argues different strategies will come into play depending on the situation
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how do men and women do short term dating strategies
men = advantages to casual sex means more offspring, but costs mean more STD and poor reputation. women = advantages means provides mate insurance, costs mean STD'S and reputation.
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how do men and women do long term dating strategies
both need to acess candidates carefully, males must select females with good parenting skills. females must select male able to provide for them.
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what is camperio-ciari, corona and capiluppi ?
2004, maternal female relatives of gay men have more children then maternal female relatives of straight men. unknown mechanisms in X means gay men so girls have more babies.
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what is vasey?
2010, homsexual relatives compensate for their lack of children by promoting reproductive fitness of relatives children. little empirical support for this hypothesis.
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what amount of gay people have children?
37% have kids, and 60% of these are biological kids.
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what is darwins theory of sexual selection

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1971, based on who is best looking or smartest. costly signalling is when you are sexually signalled must be costly for survival

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what is lycett and dunbars theory of sexual selection

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what is Griskenikus theory of sexual selection

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what is intra-sexual selection

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