Environmental Studies: UNIT 2

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atmosphere
a mixture of gases maintained in a layer around the Earth by gravity.
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CFCs
Chlorofluorocarbons
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Oxygen
essential for aerobic respiration
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Carbon dioxide
needed for photosynthesis
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Nitrogen
made available by microbial fixation and is used in the production of amino acids and proteins
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water vapour
as part of the hydrological cycle and water is essential to life on Earth
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Composition of the Earth's Atmosphere
Nitrogen 78%, Oxygen 21%, Carbon Dioxide 0.038%, Rare gases combined (e.g. argon) 1%, water vapour (variable), ozone 0.000007%
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Exosphere
exosphere is the outer-most layer of the Earth's atmosphere, where the major components are hydrogen and helium.
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Thermosphere
Temperature increases with height in the thermosphere from the mesopause up to the thermopause. High temperature is due to high levels of solar radiation. Contains highly ionised gas. Extends from about 90km to between 500 & 1600km above sea level.
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Mesosphere
Extends from the stratopause to 80 - 85km above sea level. In this layer temperature decreases with height to about 100 degrees.
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Stratosphere
Extends from the tropopause to about 51km. In this layer, temperature increases with height.
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Ozone layer
The stratopause, which is the boundary between the stratosphere and the mesosphere, is typically at about 50 - 55km above sea level. The is the location where the ozone layer is found.
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Troposphere
The Troposphere begins at the surface and extends to between 7 km (23,000 ft) at the poles and 17 km (56,000 ft) at the equator with some variations due to the weather. Temperature decreases with altitude to around - 60 degrees.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Chlorofluorocarbons

Back

CFCs

Card 3

Front

essential for aerobic respiration

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

needed for photosynthesis

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

made available by microbial fixation and is used in the production of amino acids and proteins

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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