A class or group of people who inherit exclusive privileges or are perceived as socially distinct
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Feudal system
Medieval system by which society was structured depending on relationships where land was held in return for some form of service
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Who was at the top/ bottom of feudal system?
Top: monarch in return for military service. Bottom: serfs gave labour in return for lord's protection.
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Bourgeoisie
Middle-class residents of towns and cities
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Sumptuary Laws
Laws that attempted to regulate how people dressed, depending on social class
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Peerage
Group of persons who held one of five ranks in aristocracy, usually considerable landowners and had power over localities
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What were the ranks of peerage?
Duke, Marquis, Earl, Viscount, Baron: all members of House of Lords
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Black Death
Pandemic reached England 1348 - 20-40% of population died in 1st 2 years. Returned in 1361, 1368-69, 1374-75, 1378. Halved population.
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******* Feudalism
Bond between man and his lord was not tenurial but financial and personal (not hereditary) by which retainer undertook to attend his lord however required
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Retaining
Wealthy magnates recruited knights and gentlemen to serve them as administrators, accountants, or for military purposes
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1504 Act
Under which licences for retaining could only be granted by King (only lasted H7's reign)
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Yeoman
'peasant aristocracy'. Farmed substantial properties for market trading (after Black death lowered land value)
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Gentry
Immediately below peerage, often great landowners. There were greater and lesser gentry.
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Chruchmen
Important in communities for spiritual well-being + great landowners. Social status varied as H7 chose not from most powerful families.
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Commoners
Below nobility, gentry and higher clergy. Ranged from bourgeoisie to lower class shopkeepers
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Peasant
A country dweller who farms directly; land either rented or owned (not town-dwellers)
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Grazing rights
Legal term referring to right of user to allow livestock to graze in a given area
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Real wages
The value of income in relation to the prices of goods on the market, instead of actual money received.
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Subsistence crises
When harvest failure raises food prices to such an extend that significant numbers of the poor die from starvation
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Reformation
16th century movement opposing the Catholic Church, resulted in establishment of Protestant and reformed churches
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Feudal system
Back
Medieval system by which society was structured depending on relationships where land was held in return for some form of service
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