English linguistic terms

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  • Created by: C Tunley
  • Created on: 19-04-17 12:37
Discourse event
An act of communication during a specific time
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Text producer
The person who created the text
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Text reciever
The person interpreting the text
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Implied reader
The most ideal reader
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Actual reader
Primary or secondary reader
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Mode
The physical channel of communication
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Continuum
A constantly changing sequence of elements
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Blended mode
Contains elements of speech and writing
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Intertextuality
Texts that borrow from other conventions or texts
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Register
Formal or informal variety of language
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Dialect
Variation in words and structures
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Accent
Variation in pronunciation
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Sociolect
Variation in language associated with their social group
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Idiolect
Variation in language associated with personal style
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Representation
How a text or user wants to be perceived
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Noun
A word that names a thing or concept
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Adverb
A word that modifies the verb
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Types of adverbs
Manner, place, time, duration, frequency, degree, direction
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Pronoun
A word that substitutes for a noun
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Determiner
A word that adds detail or clarity to a noun e.g. the
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Preposition
A word that shows place or time e.g. on
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Conjunction
A word that connects larger structures e.g. and
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Semantic field
A group of words that have the same associations
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Collocations
A word that connects larger structures
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Euphemism
A more socially accepted word or phrase
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Dysphemism
Using a blunt or direct word instead of a more polite alternative
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Descriptive
A neutral view of language
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Prescriptive
A judgmental view of language
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Infix
An affix inserted into a root word
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Premodifier
A word that goes before the head noun
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Postmodifier
A word that comes after the head noun
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Coordination
Two clauses that are equally weighted
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Subordination
Two clauses that are unequally weighted
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Active voice
Agent in subject position for prominence
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Passive voice
Agent placed later in the clause using a prepositional phrase
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Layout
Physical organisation of a text
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Typographical features
Fonts used in a text
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Politeness strategy
Ways in which speakers avoid threatening face
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Connotations
Overtones associated with a word or phrase
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Colloquial
Informal style of language
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Contraction
Omission of a letter in a word, often replaced by an apostrophe
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Implied meaning
Reading between the lines to get the underlying meaning
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Audience positioning
The assumptions made in a text about a reader's background
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Synthetic personalisation
Addressing text receivers as individuals
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Discourse marker
Words or phrases that organise writing e.g. as I was saying
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Tag question
A short question at the end of a sentence, often inviting agreement
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Pejorative
A term that implies disapproval
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Ameliorative
A term that implies agreement
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Stigmatise
To mark something as disgraceful or shameful
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Declarative
Statements that give information
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Imperatives
Sentences that give orders
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Interrogatives
Sentences that ask questions
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Exclamatives
Sentences that have an expressive function
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Rhetorical device
Resource of language used to persuade the reader e.g. repetition, tripling
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Onomatopoeic expression
When a word sounds like the noise it describes e.g. buzz, pop
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Minor sentence
Complete statements that don't have a subject and verb combination
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Simple sentence
Complete statements that have a subject and a verb
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Compound sentence
Independent clause linked to another clause with a conjunction
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Complex sentence
Main clause and a subordinate clause
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Compound-complex sentence
At least two coordinate clauses and one subordinate clause
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Fronted
The text or section begins with...
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Noun types
Common, proper, concrete, abstract, collective, count, mass
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

The person who created the text

Back

Text producer

Card 3

Front

The person interpreting the text

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

The most ideal reader

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Primary or secondary reader

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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